Term
| Prosencephalon (forebrain) |
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Definition
| associated with optic vesicles. Gives rise to telencephalon and diencephalon. |
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Term
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Definition
| (midbrain), remains as mesencephalon. |
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Term
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Definition
| (hindbrain), gives rise to metencephalon, which forms the pons and cerebellum, and the myelencephalon (medulla oblongata). |
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Term
| Cephalic flexure (Midbrain) |
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Definition
| between prosencephalon and rhombencephalon. |
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Term
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Definition
| between rhombencephalon and future spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| Become visible in week 6 of development and form various adult derivatives of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cerebellum, pons, and medulla |
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Term
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Definition
| mesencephalic flexure, cervical flexure, pontine flexure(due to increased growth of the dorsal mesencephalon) |
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Term
| Where do the cell bodies of the neurons remain in the central nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| At what point do the neuronal axons grow |
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Definition
| at the tip which is referred to as the growth cone, whic are attracted by certain chemical signals |
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Term
| Level of end of spinal cord at week 8 |
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Definition
| full length of the vertebrae |
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Term
| Level of end of the spinal at week 24 |
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Definition
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Term
| Level of end of spinal cord at birth |
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Definition
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Term
| Level of spinal cord at adult |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| failure of the anterior neuropore to close. lamina terminalis fails to develop. occurs when brain fails to develop. rudimentary brain stem is usually present. 1/1000 births. |
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Term
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Definition
| herniation of the tonsils of the cerebellum and the medulla through the foramen magnum, which results in the blockage of the CSF passage at the roof of the 4th ventricle, causing internal hydrocephalus which affects 1/1000 births. |
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Term
| Signs and Symptoms of Arnold-chiary phenomenon |
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Definition
| dysphonia, laryngeal stridor, and respiratory arrest due to stretching of CNX and CNXII. commonly associated with a lumbar meningomyelocele. 50% have aqueductal stenosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital hydrocephalus associated with atresia of the outlet foramina of Luschka and Magendie. usually associated with dilation of 4th ventricle, agenesis of cerebellar vermis, occipital meningocele, and frequently agenesis of the splenium of the corpus callosum. |
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Term
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Definition
| most common cause of congenital hydrocephalus. may be transmitted by cytomegalovirus or toxoplasmosis. |
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Term
| Communicating Hydrocephalus |
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Definition
| obstruction distal to the ventricles. |
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Term
| Noncommunicating hydrocephalus |
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Definition
| obstruction within the ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| results from failure of midline cleavage of the embryonic forebrain. telencephalon contains a single ventricular cavity. absence of olfactory bulbs and tracts. trisomy 13. may result fro heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy. most sever is in FAS |
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Term
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Definition
| results from a thick and short filum terminale, weakness and sensory deficits in lower extremity and a neurogenic bladder, associated with lipomatous tumors or lipomyelomeningoceles, improves after transection of the filum terminale. |
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Term
| What viruses commonly cause aqueductal stenosis which later causes congenital hydrocephalus? |
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Definition
| cytomegalovirus and tosoplasmosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| serve as preganglionic neurons for both the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| serve as the postganglionic neurons for both the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons. |
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