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EMbryology Integumentary
Embryology Integumentary
28
Science
Undergraduate 4
04/11/2009

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Term
What are the main functions of the skin?
Definition
Fight against infection, thermoregulation, protects against dehydration
Term
What is the epidermis derived from?
Definition
Ectoderm
Term
What is the name for the layer of the early skin formation?
Definition
Periderm layer.
Term
What is the fate of the peridermal layer?
Definition
Desquamated and forms part of vernix caseosa, greasy substance of peridermal cells and sebum from sebaceous glands that protect embryo's skin.
Term
What do melanoblasts do and where do they migrate from?
Definition
Derived from neural crest to stratum basale. Differentiate to melanocytes by mid-pregnancy when pigment granules called melanosomes observed.
Term
Langerhans
Definition
from mesoderm and are involved in antigen presentation.
Term
Merkel Cells
Definition
uncertain origin and migrateinto epiderm and function is mechanoreceptors
Term
Dermis
Definition
derived from mesoderm. mesenchyme differentiate into fibroblasts. vascularization. sensory nerves grow.
Term
what do the mesenchymal cells of the dermis do?
Definition
differentiate into fibroblasts secrete increasing amounts of collagen and elastic fibers into extracellular matrix.
Term
What is the cause of Albinism
Definition
Autosomal recessive trait. results when melanocytes fail to produce melanin in skin, hair, eyes. lack of tyrosinase.
Term
Hemangiomas
Definition
Vascular malformations, benign tumors of endothelial cells, produce birth marks
Term
Ichthyosis
Definition
X-linked ichtyosis is an inborn error of metabolism characterized by a deficiency in microsomal sulfatase. referred to as placental sulfatase deficiency. dryness and scaling of skin.
Term
Psoriasis
Definition
excess cell prolifereation in the stratum basale and stratum spinosum, resulting in thickening of epidermis and shorter regenerationtime of the epidermis.
Term
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Definition
genetic defect involving peptidyl lysine hydroxylase. affects mainly type I and Type III collagen. characterized by skin that is extremely stretchable, fraqgile,and vulnerable to injury.
Term
Where are the hair and nails derived from?
Definition
Ectoderm
Term
What level of the epidermis do hair cells grow from?
Definition
Stratum Basale and form the hair follicle which grows into underlying dermis and becomes the hair bulb.
Term
Where do nails develop from and where do they migrate to?
Definition
develop from the epidermis at the tip of the finger and migrate to the dorsal surface, taking their innervation with them.
Term
Alopecia
Definition
results from an absence or faulty development of the heir follicles
Term
Hypertrichosis
Definition
overgrowth of hair. frequently associated with spina bifida occulta; seen as patch of hair overlying the defect.
Term
Piliu Torti
Definition
familial disorder characterized by twisted hairs.
Term
Where do the mammary glands develop from?
Definition
Develop from the mammary ridge, a downgrowth of the epidermis(ectoderm)
Term
Sweat glands
Definition
develop from downgrowths of the epidermis into underlying dermis. include exocreine and apocrine glands.
Term
Sebaceous Glands
Definition
develop from epithelial wall of the hair follicle and elaborate sebum into the hiar follicle.
Term
Gynecomastia
Definition
Development of abnormally large mammary glands
Term
Teeth
Definition
Develop from ectoderm and underlying layer of neural crest cells. Dental Lamina, enamel organs, dental papilla, dental sac neural.
Term
Defective enamel formation (amelogenesis imperfecta)
Definition
autosomal dominant trait.
Term
Defective Dentin formation
Definition
autosomal dominant trait.
Term
Discoloration of teeth
Definition
caused by administrationof tetracyclines which stain and affect the enamel of both deciduous and permamnent teeth.
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