Term
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Definition
| contributes greatly to the formation of the head and neck. consists of pharyngeal arches, pouches, grooves, and membrane |
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Term
| Which pharyngeal arch degenerates? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many pharyngeal archs, pouches, grooves and membranes are there? |
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Definition
| 5 arches, 4 pouches, grooves and membranes |
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Term
| What does the somitomeric mesoderm differentiate into? |
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Definition
| An artery (aortic arches 1-6) and muscle tissue. |
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Term
| What do the neural crest cells differentiate into? |
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Definition
| Skeletal components and connective tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| makeup of the pharyngeal pouches: they are diverticula of the endodermal lining of the foregut. |
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Term
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Definition
| invaginations of ectoderm between each pharyngeal arch. |
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Term
| What does pharyngeal groove 1 develop into? |
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Definition
| The external acoustic meatus. |
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Term
| What becomes of pharyngeal arches 2,3,4,? |
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Definition
| 2 overgrows pharyngeal arches 3 and 4 while the other grooves are obliterated |
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Term
| What becomes of pharyngeal membrane 1? |
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Definition
| It gives rise to the tympanic membrane of the ear |
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Term
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Definition
| are structures consisting of ectoderm, intervening mesoderm and neural crest, and endoderm. |
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Term
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Definition
| the endodermal lining of the foregut forms the thyroid diverticulum which migrates caudally, passing ventral to the hyoid bone and laryngeal cartilages. |
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Term
| what is considered he oral part of the tongue? |
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Definition
| Anterior two-thirds of the tongue. |
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Term
| What structures responsible for anterior tongue formation? |
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Definition
| 3 mesodermal swellings. medial tongue bud and two distal tongue buds. develop in floor of pharynx at pharyngeal arch 1. Distal tongue overgrow median bud and fuse in midline making median sulcus. |
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Term
| What are the 3 main papillae of the tongue and which ones have taste buds? |
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Definition
| filiform(none), fungiform(present), circumvallate(present). |
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Term
| What nerve innervates the tongue and provides general sensation from the mucosa? |
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Definition
| The lingual branc of the trigeminal nerve. |
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Term
| What nerve brings taste sensation from the mucosa? |
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Definition
| the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve |
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Term
| What structure indicates the fusion between the anterior portion of tongue and posterior portion of the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What nerves carry both general sensation and taste sensation for the pharyngeal part of the tongue? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure is eliminated in the formation of the pharyngeal part of the tongue? |
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Definition
| the copula is overgrown by the hypobranchial eminence and eliminated thereby eliminating any contribution of pharyngeal arch 2. |
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Term
| What nerve provides motor innervation for the tongue? |
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Definition
| The hypoglossal nerve. styloglossus, hyoglossus, and genioglossus are derived from the myoblasts that migrate into the tongue region from occipital somites. |
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Term
| What 3 swellings form the face? |
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Definition
| frontonasal prominence, maxillary prominence, mandibular prominence |
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Term
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Definition
| bilateral ectodermal thickenings on ventrolateral aspects of the frontonasal prominence. |
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Term
| How do the nasal placodes form the nasal pits? |
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Definition
| they invaginate into the underlying mesoderm to form the nasal pits, thereby producing a ridge of tissue that forms the |
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Term
| What structure keeps the oral and nasal cavities separate before rupturing? |
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Definition
| Oronasal Membrane, which ruptrues and then they are continuous via the primitive choanae. |
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Term
| Olfactory epithelium location |
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Definition
| In the roof of each nasal cavity the ectoderm of the nasal placode forms a thickened patch, the olfactory epithelium. |
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Term
| What kinds of cells are located in the olfactory epithelium? |
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Definition
| Sustentacular cells, basal cells, ciliated cells. Ciliated are bipolar neurons give rise to olfactory nerve, life span of |
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Term
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Definition
| forms when the medial growth of maxillary prominences cause two medial nasal prominences to fuse together at midline. philtrum of lip, four incisor teeth, and the primary palate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Forms from outgrowths of maxillary prominences called palatine shelves. palatine shelves project downward on either side of tongue but later attain a horizontal position and fuse along the palatine raphe to form the secondary palate. |
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Term
| What structures fuse at the definitive palate? |
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Definition
| Primary and Secondary Palates |
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Term
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Definition
| when pharyngeal pharyngeal arch 2 and groove 2 persist thereby forming a patent opening from internal tonsillar area of external neck. found along anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| parts of pharyngeal grooves are normally obliterated persist, forming a cyst. generally found near the angle of the mandible |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal development of pharyngeal arch 1 and produces various facial anomalies. lack of migration of neural crest cells to pharyngela arch 1. |
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Term
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Definition
| parts of thyroglossal duct persist and thereby form a cyst. commonly located in midline near hyoid bone, but may be locacated at the base of the tongue; then called a lingual cyst |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when the palatine shelves fail to fuse with the primary palate. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when th palatine shelves fails to fuse with each other and with the nasal septum |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when there is a combination of both defects of posterior and anterior cleft palates. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. maxillary prominence fails to fuse with the medial nasal prominence. 2. uinderlying somitomeric mesoderm and neural crest fail to expand, resulting in a persistent labial groove. |
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Term
| What do somitomeric mesoderm differentiate into? |
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Definition
| they differentiate into an artery and muscle tissue |
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Term
| What do neural crest cells differentiate into? |
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Definition
| They differentiate into skeletal components and connective tissue. |
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Term
| what structures are responsible for the posterior tongue formation |
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Definition
| copula, and the hypobranchial eminence. |
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