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Embryo Gems-1
AUC
18
Histology
Graduate
04/03/2011

Additional Histology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
3 stages of fertilization
Definition
Penetration of corona radiata

binding and penetration of Zona pellucida via ZP3

Fusion of membranes of secondary oocyte and spermatozoon
Term
GIFT
ZIFT
ICSI
Definition
Gift = gamete intrafallopian transfer.

ZIFT = zygote intrafallopian transfer

ICSI = intracytoplasmic sperm
Term
Implantation
Definition
Balstocyte implants

Implants with syncytiotrophoblast
Term
Stages of human development
Definition
Embryo weeks 1-8: Crown to Rump
Zygote -> Morula -> blastula ->
Gastrula -> Neurala. Crown to rump length

Fetus: weeks 9 to birth. Crown to heel length
Term
Establishment of uteroplacental circulation
Definition
Days 11-12

Lacunae form in sysctiotrophoblast.

ETC.
Term
Gastrulation
Definition
Conversion of epiblast into the 3-germ layers by passing through the primitive streak
Term
Differentiation of mesoderm
Definition
Intraembryonic mesoderm ->

Paraxial: axial skeleton and muscles

Intermediate: most of genitourinary system and cortex of adrenal gland

Lateral plate: Somatic and splanchnic
Term
Partitioning of embryonic coelomic cavity
Definition
Primarily done by the pleuropeitoneal membrane.

Pleuropericardial membranes form the fibrous pericardium
Term
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Definition
Failure of pleuro-peritoneal membranes to develop and seal.

Most common cause of pulmonary hypoplasia - babies die after birth.

Diagnosed and repaired prenatally
Term
Placenta
Definition
Made from Chorion(embryo) and decidua(maternal)

where nutrients in maternal/fetal blood are exchanged.
Term
How does the uterine cavity fill up
Definition
Week 12. Decidua parietalis comes into contact with chorion laeve.
Term
Primitive umbilical ring
Definition
Structures passing through in week 5:

Connecting stalk: allantois, 2 arteres 1 vein

Yolk stalk = vitelline duct(accompanied by vitelline vessels)

The canal connecting the intraembryonic and extraembryonic cavities
Term
Establishing left-right
Definition
Cilia beat and push FGF8 produce by neural crest cells to the left.

FGF8 induces Nodal and Lefty2.

Nodal and Lefty2 induce PITX2.

PITX2 is main left side factor
Term
Laterality sequences
Definition
Asplenia(right)
polysplenia(left)
Term
2 places that do not have 3 layers after gastrulation
Definition
Buccopharyngeal membrane

Cloacal membrane: urogenital canal.
Term
Ectoderm
Definition
Skin, CNS, PNS, Eyes, neural crest cells, internal ear
Term
Mesoderm
Definition
Bones

Connective tissue

Urogenital system

Cardiovascular system
Term
Endoderm
Definition
Gut and gut derivatives(liver, pancreas, lungs)
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