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Ellis- Physical Science Matter, Phases of Matter, and Energy
Matter, Phases of Matter, Energy
26
Science
9th Grade
09/27/2012

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Term
matter
Definition
anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
solid
Definition
a substance that has a definite (fixed) shape and volume

-molecules vibrate in place
Term
liquid
Definition
a substance that has a definite (fixed) volume, but takes the shape of it's container (indefinite/not fixed)

-molecules slide and glide past each other
Term
gas
Definition
a substance with an indefinite (not fixed) shape or volume

-molecules move straight until they bump into something that sends them in another direction (random motion)
Term
phase change
Definition
when one phase turns into another (ex. solid turns to liquid)
Term
kinetic theory of matter
Definition
the statement that claims all matter is constantly in motion.

Each phase of matter has it's own particular movement pattern.
Term
freezing
Definition
when a liquid turns into a solid
Term
melting
Definition
when a solid turns into a liquid
Term
condensation
Definition
when a gas turns into a liquid
Term
vaporization
Definition
when a liquid turns into a gas

aka. evaporation
Term
deposition
Definition
when a gas turns into a solid
Term
sublimation
Definition
when a solid turns into a gas
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
the energy of motion
(any object in motion has kinetic energy)
Term
potential energy
Definition
energy stored in an object due to it's position or shape.
Term
gravitational potential energy
Definition
potential energy that depends upon an object's height.
Term
elastic potential energy
Definition
potential energy of an object that is stretched or compressed.
Term
6 forms of energy
Definition
chemical
mechanical
thermal
electrical
elecrtomagnetic
nuclear
Term
mechanical energy
Definition
energy associated with the movement and position of everyday objects.
Term
thermal energy
Definition
the total kinetic and potential energy of all the particles in an object.

sometimes called heat energy
Term
chemical energy
Definition
the energy stored in chemical bonds
(energy is released when bonds are broken)
Term
electrical energy
Definition
the energy associated with electrical charges (flowing of electrons)
Term
electromagnetic energy
Definition
form of energy that travels through space in the form of waves

ex. visible light and x-rays
Term
nuclear energy
Definition
the energy stored in an atomic nucleus
Term
Law of Conservation of Energy
Definition
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed...it can only be TRANSFORMED
Term
non-renewable energy source
Definition
are energy sources that exist in limited quantities.

ex. fossil fuels
Term
renewable energy sources
Definition
resources that can be replaced in a relatively short period of time.

ex. solar power
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