Term
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Definition
| The collection of all outcomes, responses, measurements, or counts that are of interest. |
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Definition
| A subset of a population. |
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Definition
| Information coming from observations, counts, measurements, or responses. |
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Definition
| A numerical description of a population characteristic. |
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Definition
| A numerical description of a sample characteristic. |
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Definition
| The branch of statistics that involves the organization, summarization, and display of data. |
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Definition
| The branch of statistics that involves using a sample to draw conclusions about a population. |
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Definition
| Consists of attributes, labels, or numerical entries. |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of numerical measurements or counts. |
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Term
| Nominal Level of Measurement |
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Definition
| It is qualitative only! Data at this level can be categorized by names, labels, or qualities, but no mathematical computations can be made. |
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Term
| Ordinal Level of Measurement |
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Definition
| It can be qualitative or quantitative! Data at this level can be arranged in order/ranked, but differences between the data is not meaningful. |
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Term
| Interval Level of Measurement |
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Definition
| Data can be ordered, and meaningful differences can be calculated. However, a zero simply represents a position on a scale, it is not an inherent zero. |
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Term
| Ratio Level of Measurement |
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Definition
| Data can be ordered and meaningful differences can be made. A zero is an inherent zero (it implies none), and a ratio of 2 data values can be formed so that one data value can be meaningfully expressed as a multiple of another. |
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Term
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Definition
| A researcher observes and measures characteristics of interest of part of a population but does not change existing conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| A treatment is applied to part of a population and responses are observed. Another part of the population may be used as the control group, in which no treatment is applied. |
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Term
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Definition
| The use of a mathematical/physical model to reproduce the conditions of a situation/process. |
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Term
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Definition
| An investigation of one or more characteristics of a population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when an experimenter cannot tell the difference between the effects of different factors on a variable. |
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Term
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Definition
| A technique where the subject does not know whether he/she is receiving treatment or a placebo. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process of randomly assigning subjects to different treatment groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| Subjects are divided into blocks (i.e. age/gender/etc. categories) and then they are randomly assigned to treatment groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| The repetition of an experiment using a large group of subjects. |
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Term
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Definition
| A count/measure of the entire population. |
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Term
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Definition
| A count/measure of part of a population. |
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Term
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Definition
| The difference between the results of the sample and population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Every possible sample of the same size has the same chance of being selected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when it is important for the sample to have members from each segment of the population. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when the population falls into naturally occurring subgroups, each having similar characteristics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when each member of the population is assigned a number, they are ordered in some way, a starting number is randomly selected, and then sample members are selected at regular intervals from the starting number. |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists only of available members of a population. It often leads to biased results. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vertical bar graph in which the height of each bar represents frequency or relative frequency. |
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