Term
| excess or deficiency of electrons or ions; expressed in Coulomb (C) |
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Definition
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Term
| quantity of electric charge that passes any cross section of a conductor in 1 sec when the current is maintained constant at 1 ampere |
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| electrical charge per cross-section area of the electrodes; expressed in C/cm2 |
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Term
| property of having 2 oppositely charged poles |
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Term
| negative pole of an electric current |
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Term
| positive pole of an electric current |
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Term
| electromotive force; potential difference btwn 2 points in an electrical field that causes charged particle to move |
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Definition
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Term
| flow of charged particles moving past a specific point in a specified direction; produced by a difference in potential; measured in amperes (A) |
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Term
| equals voltage or potential difference btwn 2 points multiplies by current flow btwn those points; P=VI; measure in watts (W) |
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Term
| property of a conductor that characterizes its opposition to the mvmt of charged particles; directly proportional to the resistivity and length of the conductor; inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the conductor; it increases as temperature increases; measured in Ohms (Ω) |
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Term
| property of a conductor that characterizes the relative ease of mvmt of charged particles through that conductor; reciprocal of the resistance; measured in mhos |
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Term
| V=IR; the potential difference is directly proportional to the current flowing through the resistor |
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Term
| the capacity for storing charge |
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Term
| measure of the degree to which a varying current can induce an electromotive force in a circuit; expressed in henries (H) |
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Term
| the frequency-dependent opposition to electric current flow; expressed in ohms |
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Definition
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Term
| the opposition to current flow produced by capacitance or inductance in a circuit |
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Definition
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Term
| continuous, unidirectional flow of charged particles; direction is determined by the polarity selected |
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Term
| uninterrupted-bidirectional flow of charged particles; may be symmetrical or asymmetrical |
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Term
| isolated electrical event |
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Term
| elapsed time btwn successive pulses |
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Term
| shape of the visual representation of pulsed current on a current/time or voltage/time plot |
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Term
| current flow in one direction for a finite period of time |
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Definition
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Term
| pulse that deviates in one direction from the zero current baseline and returns to the baseline after a finite time |
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Term
| pulse that deviates in one direction from the zero current baseline and then deviates in the opposite direction from the baseline |
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Term
| all waveform variables (amplitude, duration, and rate of rise and decay) are identical with respect to baseline for each phase |
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Definition
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Term
one or more of the waveform variables for each phase are unequal with respect to baseline; can be balanced or unbalanced
a. Balanced—phase charges are equal for each phase
b. Unbalanced—phase charges are unequal for each phase |
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Definition
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Term
| time elapsed from the beginning to the termination of one phase of a pulse or cycle of AC; expressed in usec or msec; can be used to describe AC waveforms |
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Definition
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Term
| (pulse width); time elapsed from the beginning to the end of all phases plus the interphase interval within one pulse; expressed in usec or msec; cannot be used to describe AC waveforms |
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Definition
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Term
| (intrapulse interval); time btwn 2 successive components of a pulse when no electrical activity occurs; cannot exceed the interpulse interval |
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Definition
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Term
| time btwn 2 successive pulses |
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Term
| number of pulses per second for pulsed current (pps); AC frequency is expressed in Hz or cycles per second (cps) |
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Term
| reciprocal of frequency; time from a reference point of a pulse to the identical point on the next pulse; in AC the waveform duration equals the period; in pulsed current the period equals the pulse duration plus the interpulse interval; DC has no period |
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Term
| measure of the magnitude of current with reference to baseline; referred to as intensity |
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Term
| max amplitude for each phase; the preferred way of expressing amplitude |
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Term
| max amplitude btwn the 2 phases for biphasic or AC |
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Term
| results from the intersection and temporal summation of 2 or more sine waves that differ in frequency; refers to alternating currents; beat frequency expressed in bps |
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Term
| the ratio of on time to total time of trains of pulses or bursts; expressed as a percentage; ON:OFF ratios |
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Term
| an interrupted train; a finite series of pulses or cycles of AC delivered at an identified frequency, amp, or duration; burst frequency expressed in bps |
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Term
| time elapsed from the beginning to the end of one burst; milliseconds |
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Definition
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Term
| 1 or more electrodes of the stimulating circuit are placed over the target tissue area and the other(s) are placed at some distance from target tissue |
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Definition
| Monopolar electrode placement |
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Term
| all electrodes of 1 circuit are placed to affect the target area |
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Definition
| Bipolar electrode placement |
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Term
| electrodes from 2 or more circuits are positioned so that currents intersect |
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Definition
| Quadripolar/Tetrapolar electrode placement |
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Term
| use of externally applied electrical stim for pain management |
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Term
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| estim that has a monophasic waveform with phase durations < 100sec that employs high-driving voltage >150V |
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Definition
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Term
| use lower-driving voltage <150V |
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Term
| therapeutic use of DC less than 1mA |
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Term
| NMES 1000-10,000 pps or Hz |
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Term
| NMES greater than 10,000pps or Hz |
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