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eitc chapter 13
rds part 1
21
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11/15/2016

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Term
Electrical Theory
Definition
founded in the theory of structure of matter, (all atoms contain protons and electrons)
Term
Fundamental Laws for electrical charge
Definition
Opposite electrical charges of equal value cancel each other out (annihilation radiation)
Opposite electrical charges attract each other
like electrical charges repel each other
Term
Electric current
Definition
movement of electrons
Term
Conductors
Definition
low energy required to detach electrons from their orbits, readily conduct electric current
materials such as copper and silver
Term
insulators
Definition
energy required to detach electrons from their orbits is high. Resist the flow of electric current, materials such as air and paper.
Term
Seven sources of energy
Definition
Friction, Heat (thermocouple) , Pressure, Light (photoelectric effect), Magnetism, Chemical action, Ionizing Radiation.
Term
Basic Electric quantities
Definition
Current ( Amperes/amps )
Voltage (volts)
Resistance (Ohms)
Term
Current
Definition
electrical current is the movement, or flow, of electrons pas a given point in a circuit, 1 amp is the flow of "6.24x10^18" 1 coulomb/second
Term
Voltage
Definition
electrical potential difference that causes electrons to flow in a circuit
Term
Resistance
Definition
electrical quantity that opposes electron flow in a circuit.)amount of resistance that allows one ampere of current to flow in a circuit when there is one volt of force pushing it
Term
Ohms Law
Definition
States that current is equal to voltage divided by resistance
Term
I=E/R
E=I*R
R=E/i
Definition
ohms law expression
I = current (A)
E = voltage (V)
R= Resistance symbol-(upside down horseshoe)
Term
Measurement system
Definition
radiation measurement systems consist of a detector and some sort of a readout circuitry.
Term
Detector Function
Definition
the incident radiation interacts with the detector material to produce an observable effect.
Term
Ionizing Detectors
Definition
creates ion pairs. (gas or solid conductors)
ion chambers, proportional counters, or Geiger-mueller (GM) tubes. solid ionization detector is a GeLi detector
Term
Excitation detectors
Definition
incident radiation excites the atoms of the detector material. Atom gives off excess energy in the form of light. (Thermoluminescent and scintillation detectors)
Term
Chemical detectors
Definition
the incident radiation causes ionization or excitation of the detector media thereby causing chemical changes which can be analyzed
Term
Readout Circuitry
Definition
measures and analyzes the produced effect and provides a usable output indication
Term
Rate Meters
Definition
used with detectors that supply either and electric pulse or current, provide and indication in terms of cpm, or mR/hr.
Term
Detector Yield
Definition
the observed effect that take place in the detector that will be measured, (for all photons that enter a detector only 25% may create an output pulse, yield of 25%
Term
Basic Theory
Definition
Together the negatice electron and posotive atom (minus one electron) are called an ion-pair
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