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Egyptian Study Guide
Egyptian Study Guide - Geography,Government,Writing, Religion, and Mummification
40
Social Studies
6th Grade
12/09/2014

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Cards

Term
What are four reasons most Egyptian cities are located along the Nile?
Definition
  1. Planting
  2. irrigation
  3. makes the soil for farming moist
  4. there is papyrus
Term
The Northern part of Egypt is known as __________________.
Definition
lower Egypt
Term
The Southern part of Egypt is known as ________________________.
Definition
upper Egypt
Term
Identify the three seasons
Definition

Shait

Pirute

Shemu

Term
Shait is
Definition
the Flooding (Inundation) Season (July-October)
Term
Pirute is
Definition
the Planting and Growing Season (November-April)
Term
Shemu is
Definition
the Harvest Season (May-June)
Term
How did most Pharaohs come to power?
Definition
They inhertited the throne - pharaohs stayed in the family
Term
Pharaoh's major responsibilities:
Definition
  1. issued laws
  2. ran the army
  3. managed economy
Term
The three seasons of the Nile are based on the ______________ on the Nile.
Definition
flooding
Term

What were the six social classes of Ancient Egypt?

(from highest to lowest)

Definition
  1. Pharaoh Family
  2. Government Officials and Priest
  3. Scribes and Soldiers 
  4. crafts people and skilled workers
  5. farmers
  6. slaves
Term
Egyptian Writing was known as what?
Definition
hieroglyphics
Term
Give two reasons why Egyptian writing was different than Sumerian Writing?
Definition
  1. Egyptians used papyrus to write on (paper)
  2. Sumerians used stylists and Egyptian writin used symbols/pictures
Term
What is Papyrus? Why is it important?
Definition
Papyrus is a type of paper.  It is important because they write on it and store it.
Term
What is the Rosetta Stone?
Definition
The Rosetta Stone is a large stone with Greek and Hieroglyphics on it.
Term
Why was the Rosetta Stone's discovery important?
Definition
It was important because since they knew greek, they were able to decode hieroglyphics
Term
Define Polytheism
Definition
belief in more than one god/goddess
Term
Atum Ra
Definition
God of the Sun - First God
Term
Shu
Definition
God of Air - coughed up by Atum
Term
Tefnut
Definition
Goddess of Moisture - Coughed up by Atum - Married to Shu
Term
Geb
Definition
God of Earth - son of Tefnut and Shu
Term
Nut
Definition
Goddess of Sky - was lifted up over Geb - daughter of Shu and Tefnut
Term
Osiris
Definition
King of Earth - is killed by brother Seth - becomes God of underworld
Term
Seth
Definition
God of Choas - killed brother Osiris after becoming jealous - is defeated by nephew Horus
Term
Why did Egyptians perform Mummification on their dead?
Definition
could not have an afterlife if body was not preserved on Earth
Term
Why was the Great Sphinx built?
Definition
It was built to be the protector of the three Pyramids of Giza
Term
What are the three ways the Pyramids are connected to Astronomy/Geography?
Definition
  1. They lined up with oryan's belt
  2. the four points are a compass (N, S, E, W)
  3. Could be used as a sundial to tell time
Term
What three types of stone are the Pyramids made of?
Definition
  1. limestone
  2. granite
  3. sandstone
Term

Identify the Pharaohs of Egypt:

Menes

Definition
First pharaoh - united lower and upper Egypt - first to wear a double crown
Term

Identify the Pharaohs of Egypt:

Tutankhamen (Tut)

Definition
became king at age 10 - died at 18 - was discovered with many treasures
Term

Identify the Pharaohs of Egypt:

Cleoparta

Definition
last pharaoh - committed suicide when defeat was certain
Term

Identify the Pharaohs of Egypt:

Ramses II

Definition
One of the best pharaohs- nick-named "Ramses the Great"
Term

Identify the Pharaohs of Egypt:

Hatshepsut

Definition
First femal pharaoh - dressed as a male to appear strong
Term
What is the 1 step of Mummification?
Definition
  1. ceremony preformed by high preists - one dressed Anubis

 

Term
What is the 2 step of Mummification?
Definition
brain removed through nose - organs removed and placed into jars. Heart left
Term
What is the 3 step of Mummification?
Definition
body cleaned and covered with Natron and left to dry for 40 days
Term
What is the 4 step of Mummification?
Definition
body decorated and wrapped in 20 layers of linen
Term
What is the 5 step of Mummification?
Definition
mask placed on body and is placed in sarcophagus - brought to resting place
Term
Why was the heart so important to the Egyptians (for the living and the dead)
Definition
They believed it was the center of thoughts and emotions. When they died, their hearts were weighed to determine if they had lived a good life of not.
Term
What was the main function of the Pyramids?
Definition
A tomb for the Pharaoh
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