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EES 1004 (class notes)
chapter 7
32
Science
Undergraduate 1
03/02/2011

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Term
earthquake
Definition
Vibration of the Earth produced by the rapid release of energy.
Term
layered
Definition
Earth has a ___ structure
Term
– Core
– Mantle
– Crust
Definition
What are the earth's layers?
Term
floats
Definition
The Lithosphere “___” on the Asthenosphere
Term
lithosphere
Definition
The ___ “floats” on the Asthenosphere
Term
asthenosphere
Definition
The Lithosphere “floats” on the ___
Term
granitic
Definition
The continental crust is ___
Term
basaltic
Definition
The Oceanic Crust is ___.
Term
folds and faults
Definition
What are some continental structures?
Term
anticline and syncline
Definition
What are the two types of folds?
Term
fault
Definition
A ___ is a crack in the Earth's crust along which movement has occurred.
Term
dip-slip fault
Definition
movement is vertical in this type of fault
Term
• normal faults
• reverse faults and thrust faults
Definition
what are the types of dip-slip faults?
Term
strike-slip fault
Definition
The movement in this type of fault is horizontal.
Term
plates
Definition
The lithosphere is divided into ___
Term
7; 20
Definition
The lithosphere is divided into plates, about ___ large plates and ___ smaller ones.
Term
1. Shape of the coastlines - the jigsaw puzzle fit of Africa and South America.
• Glacial deposits
• Fossil evidence implies once-continuous land connections between now-separated areas
• Rift Valleys of East Africa indicate a continent breaking up.
Definition
Name evidence in support of plate tectonics or continental drift.
Term
• Divergent
• Convergent
• Transform
Definition
What are the types of plate boundaries?
Term
divergent boundaries
Definition
At ___, plates move apart and create new lithosphere
Term
convergent boundaries
Definition
At ___, plates collide and one is pulled into the mantle and recycled.
Term
transform-fault boundaries
Definition
At ___, plates slide horizontally past each other.
Term
divergent
Definition
The plates move apart from one another. New crust is generated between the ___ plates.
Term
convergent
Definition
The plates move toward one another and collide. Crust is destroyed as one plate is pushed beneath another.
Term
transform
Definition
The plates slide horizontally past each other. Crust is neither produced nor destroyed.
Term
• Plates move apart from one another
• Tensional stress
• Rifting occurs
• Normal faults
• Igneous intrusions, commonly basalt, forming new crust
Definition
What are the steps of divergent plate boundaries?
Term
• Plates move toward one another
• Compressional stress
• Continental collision
• Subduction
Definition
What are the steps of convergent plate boundaries?
Term
- continent-continent collision
- ocean-ocean collision
Definition
What are the two types of convergent plate boundaries?
Term
transform plate boundaries
Definition
In ___, plates slide horizontally past each other.
Term
The Wilson Cycle
Definition
Plate tectonic model for opening and closing of an ocean basin repeatedly over time.
Term
– Convection Cells in the Mantle
– Ridge-Push and Slab-Pull Model
– Thermal Mantle-plumes
Definition
What forces drive plate tectonics?
Term
rifting (mid-ocean ridge)
Definition
Rising part of convection cell = ___
Term
subduction (deep sea trench)
Definition
Descending part of convection cell = ___
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