Term
| Describe the pathophysiology of Meniere's disease. |
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Definition
| Fluid builds up in cochlea d/t failure of endolymphatic system, causes associated hair damage |
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Term
| What is another name of Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the etiology of Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
| Maybe associated w/ trauma, syphillis, viral, or may be idiopathic |
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Term
| Describe the epidemiology of Meniere's disease. |
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Definition
- Usually unilateral (80%)
- More common in men than women
- Typically middle aged white men |
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Term
| What are risk factors for Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
| Family hx, stress, allergies, high sodium diet, etoh, excess noise |
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Term
| How is Meniere's disease diagnosed? |
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Definition
| HPI: fullness or pressure in ears, tinnitus, hearing loss w/ vertigo (< 2hrs). May have normal PE. |
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Term
| What is the differential dx for Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
| Acoustic Neuroma (benign tumor of CN VIII), consider if sx are not episodic |
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Term
| What is the prognosis for Meni?ere's disease |
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Definition
| Episodic progression of sx, profound deafness w/ subsequent episodes |
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Term
| What is the conservative tx for Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
| Sodium diet restriction, stress reduction |
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Term
| What types of meds are used to tx Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
- Antiemetics (phenergen)
- Mild sedatives (benadryl) for anxiety
- Diuretics |
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Term
| What type of surgical intervention is done to tx Meniere's disease? |
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Definition
| Cutting auditory branch of CN VIII or using gentamicin to destroy it (last resort tx) |
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Term
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Definition
| Perception of abnormal ear or head noises, ringing in the ears |
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Term
| Describe the epidemiology of tinnitis. |
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Definition
- 1/3 of adults at one point in their lives (typ. /p hearing loud noises)
- 10-15% of adults have prolonged tinnitis |
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Term
| Describe the etiology of tinnitis. |
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Definition
- Sensory-neural hearing loss (infection, noise, aging, Meniere's) or ototoxic drugs
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Term
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Definition
| Asprin, loop diuretics(furosemide), aminoglycosides (gentamicin, streptomycin, neomycin) |
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Term
| What is the tx for tinnitis? |
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Definition
| Eliminate the underlying cause (remove noise if early enough), medication change, tinnitis masker (white noise) |
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Term
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Definition
| Room spinning, sudden episodic onset, N/V, can last for hrs, can be provoked by change in head position |
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Term
| Describe the epidemiology of vertigo. |
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Definition
| Most common cause/type of dizziness (54% of cases) |
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Term
| What is the pathophysiology of vertigo? |
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Definition
| Varies, may be a sx of an underlying problem, associated w/ pathology of inner ear (CN VIII) |
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Term
| What are associated dx of vertigo? |
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Definition
| Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPH), Labyrinthitis, Meniere's disease |
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Term
| What procedure is done to tx BPPV? |
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Definition
| Canolith repositioning procedure, series of maneuvers to turn and reposition pt to move otoliths back around semicircular canals |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation/infection of the inner ear (can also have nystagmus) |
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Term
| What is the etiology of labyrinthitis? |
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Definition
| May be triggered by URI (usually viral) |
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Term
| What is the prognosis of labyrinthitis? |
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Definition
| Usually resolves in several wks w/ gradual improvement - sx tx of vertigo |
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Term
| Describe the clinical presentation of labyrinthitis. |
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Definition
| Pt presents w/ c/o vertigo of sudden onset, may have tinnitis and sudden hearing loss but they have just recovered from a cold. Usually have sx of URI - possible febrile. |
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