Term
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Definition
| A process whereby goal-directed activity is instigated and sustained |
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Definition
| motivation to engage in an activity as a means to an end |
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Term
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Definition
| motivation to be involved in an activity for its own sake |
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Term
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Definition
| Students' tendencies to find academic activities meaningful and worthwhile and to try to get the intended learning benefits from them |
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Term
| Behaviorist Theories of Motivation |
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Definition
| Focus on changes in behavior that result from experiences with the enviornment |
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Term
| Cognitive and Social Cognitive theories of motivation |
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Definition
| Examine people's expectations and beliefs and their attempts to understand how the world works |
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Term
| Sociocultural theories of motivation |
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Definition
| Emphasize individuals' participation in communities that value and support learning |
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| Humanistic Theories of motivation |
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Definition
| Emphasize people's attempts to fulfill their total potential as human beings |
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Term
| Unconditional positive regard |
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Definition
| The belief that someone is innately worthy regardless of their behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| An internal force or drive to attain a certain state or object |
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Term
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Definition
| Needs in intellectual achievement and aesthetic appreciation that increase as people have experiences with them |
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Term
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Definition
| Needs that, if unfulfilled, energize people to meet them |
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Definition
| The need to reach our full potential and be all that we are capable of being |
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Term
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Definition
| the motivational need to act on and control one's enviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to function effectively in the enviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| comments teachers make about the causes of students' performance |
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Term
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Definition
| independence and an individual's ability to alter the enviornment when necessary |
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Term
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Definition
| the feeling of being connected to others in one's social environment and feeling worthy of love and respect |
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Term
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Definition
| the desire to be accepted and judged positively by others |
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Term
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Definition
| an emotional reaction to or an evaluation of the self |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive idea we accept as true without necessarily having definitive evidence to support it |
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Term
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Definition
| a belief about a future outcome |
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Term
| expectancy x value theory |
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Definition
| A theory that explains learner motivation by saying that learners will be motivated to engage in a task to the extent that they expect to succeed on the task times the value they place on the success |
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Term
| entity view of intelligence |
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Definition
| the belief that intelligence is essentially fixed and stable over time |
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Term
| incremental view of intelligence |
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Definition
| the belief that intelligence is not stable and can be increased with effort |
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Term
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Definition
| The belief that one is capable of accomplishing a specific task |
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Term
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Definition
| the benefits, rewards, or advantages that individuals believe may result from participating in a task or activity |
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Term
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Definition
| the importance that an individual attaches to doing well on a task |
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Term
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Definition
| the belief that a topic, activity, or course of study will be useful for meeting future goals, including career goals |
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Term
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Definition
| a consideration of what an individual must give up to engage in the task |
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Term
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Definition
| a belief about the cause of performance |
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Term
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Definition
| a cognitive theory of motivation that attempts to systematically describe learners' beliefs about the causes of their successes and failures and how these beliefs influence motivation to learn |
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Term
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Definition
| the debilitating belief that one is incapable of accomplishing tasks and has little control of the enviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| an outcome an individual hopes to attain |
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Term
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Definition
| a goal that focuses on accomplishing a task, improvement, and increased understanding. Sometimes called a learning goal |
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Term
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Definition
| a goal that focuses on a learner's ability and competence in comparison to others |
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Term
| performance-approach goal |
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Definition
| a goal that emphasizes looking competent and receiving favorable judgments from others |
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Term
| performance-avoidance goal |
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Definition
| a goal that focuses on avoiding looking incompetent and being judged unfavorably |
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Term
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Definition
| goals to achieve particular social outcomes or interactions |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's ongoing affinity, attraction, or liking for a domain, subject area, topic, or activity |
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Term
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Definition
| a person's current enjoyment, pleasure, or satisfaction generated by the immediate context |
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Term
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Definition
| a general uneasiness and feeling of tension, relating to a situation with an uncertain outcome |
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Term
| mastery-focused enviornment |
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Definition
| a classroom enviornment that emphasizes effort, continuous improvement, and understanding |
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Term
| performance-focused enviornment |
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Definition
| a classroom enviornment that emphasizes high grades, public displays of ability, and performance compared to others |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of setting personal goals, combined with the motivation, thought processes, strategies, and behaviors that lead to reaching the goals |
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Term
| personal teaching efficacy |
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Definition
| a teacher's belief that he or she can cause all students to learn regardless of their prior knowledge or ability |
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Term
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Definition
| Beliefs that the faculty as a whole can have a positive effect on students |
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Term
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Definition
| a teacher's empathy and investment in the protection and development of young people |
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Term
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Definition
| a phenomenon that occurs when a person's performance results from and confirms beliefs about his or her capabilities |
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Term
| positive classroom climate |
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Definition
| a classroom enviornment where the teacher and students work together as a community of learners, to help everyone achieve |
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Term
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Definition
| a climate variable that creates a predictable learning environment and supports learner autonomy together with a sense of physical and emotional security |
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Term
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Definition
| learners' awareness of what they are supposed to be learning and an understanding of why the task is important and worthwhile |
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Term
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Definition
| a lesson beginning that attracts attention and provides a conceptual framework for the lesson |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of using intellectually and/or emotionally relevant examples to illustrate a topic |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent to which students are actively participating in a learning activity |
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Term
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Definition
| questions for which a variety of answers is acceptable |
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Term
| productive learning enviornment |
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Definition
| a classroom that is orderly and focused on learning |
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Term
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Definition
| actions teachers take to create an enviornment that supports and facilitates both academic and social-emotional learning |
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Term
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Definition
| teachers' responses to student misbehavior |
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Term
| community of caring and trust |
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Definition
| a classroom enviornment where learners feel physically and emotionally safe and their needs for belonging and relatedness are met |
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Term
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Definition
| a professional skill that includes preparing materials in advance, starting classes and activities on time, making transitions quickly and smoothly, and creating well-established routines |
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Term
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Definition
| descriptions of standards for acceptable behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| guidelines for accomplishing recurring tasks, such as sharpening pencils and making transitions from one activity to another |
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Term
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Definition
| a teacher's awareness of what is going on in all parts of the classroom at all times and communicating this awareness to students |
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Term
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Definition
| a nonaccusatory communication that addresses a behavior, describes the effects on the sender, and the feelings it generates in the sender |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach to classroom management that promotes a clear and firm response style with students |
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Term
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Definition
| consequences that are conceptually related to the misbehavior |
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Term
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Definition
| a verbal or nonverbal communication a teacher uses to stop a behavior |
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Term
| culturally responsive classroom management |
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Definition
| classroom management that combines teachers' awareness of possible personal biases with cultural knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability to intervene without disrupting the flow of a lesson |
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Term
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Definition
| the failure to exercise sufficient care in protecting students from injury |
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