Term
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Definition
1 Child as an active learner
2 Whole child, adaption to envoriment
3 All children should be educated |
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Term
| William James changed (1) |
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Definition
| Importance of observing children |
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Term
| E.L. Thorndike changed (2) |
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Definition
1 Hone children's reasoning skills
2 Educational science must have a scientific base |
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Term
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Definition
| Biological (body), socioemotional (relationships), cognitive (thinking) process from conception throughout life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Development in childrens often isn't the same over a number of regions |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain development is influenced by biological and environmental expierences |
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Term
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Definition
| Sheet of myelin over braincells. Information can travel faster through the brain |
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Term
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Definition
Highest level of thinking, frontal lobes.
Reasoning, decisions and self-control |
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Term
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Definition
| Fitting new information in existing schema's |
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Term
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Definition
| Adjusting the schema's to fit new information. |
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Term
| Shifting from stages (piaget) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
0-2 years old
sensory expierences an motor actions |
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Term
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Definition
2-7 years old
thinking more symbolic but not yet operational. |
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Term
| Preoperational stage --> symbolic function |
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Definition
| thinking of an object that is not here |
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Term
| Preoperational stage --> intuitive thought |
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Definition
| Kinds want to know a lot but are not sure how they know things |
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Term
| Concrete operational stage |
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Definition
7-11 years old
operational thinking starts, just as logical thinking |
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Term
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Definition
11-15 years old
Thoughts become more abstract, idealistic and logical |
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Term
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Definition
Zone of proximal development
Scaffolding = changing support level in teaching
Social-constructionist =learning in social context |
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Term
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Definition
Constructovist
Knowledge by assimilation/accomodation previous knowledge |
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Term
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Definition
1 Infinite generality, unlimited new combinations
2 set of rules: grammer |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Combinatie van woorden, wat is een correcte zin, woordvolgorde in een zin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| regels in een gesprek, beleefheidsnormen, |
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Term
| Bronfenbrenner ecological theory |
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Definition
| individual, microsystem (school, family, friends), mesosystem (connection between micro groups), exosystem (legal services, neighbors, community), macrosystem (broader culture) |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
Trust vs mistrust |
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Definition
0-1 yo
getting love and attention in the first year of life |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
autonomy vs shame/doubt |
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Definition
1-3 yo
begin to explore own will/choices |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
initiative vs guilt |
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Definition
3-5 yo
explore social behavior |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
Industry vs inferiority |
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Definition
6-12 yo
learning cognitive skills |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
identity vs identity confusion |
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Definition
10-20 yo
finding out who you are |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
Intamicy vs isolation |
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Definition
20-39 yo
form intimate relationships or become isolated |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
generativity vs stagnation |
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Definition
40-59 yo
helping doing something meaninful for the next generation |
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Term
Erikson lifespan development
intgrity vs despair |
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Definition
60-.. yo
evaluating your life, what have you done |
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Term
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Definition
| Concept of mental age MA and intelligence quotient |
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Term
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Definition
| provides an general IQ score but also index scores + observations in behavior. |
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Term
| Sternberg theory of multiple intelligence |
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Definition
1 analytic
2 creative
3 practical (also includes emotional intelligence) |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 verbal , 2 mathematic, 3 spatial, 4 bodily-knesthetic, 5 music, 6 intrapersonal, 7 interpersonal, 8 naturalist |
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Term
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Definition
People get smarter and smarter if you use the same standerd as 100 years ago.
Living conditions/education improves |
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Term
| Between class ability grouping |
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Definition
| Group students based on ability/achievements (vmbo,havo,vwo) |
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Term
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Definition
| group students on how well they do in a particular subject |
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Term
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Definition
| group students in the same class in different levels (gedifferentieerd leren) |
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Term
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Definition
1 openness (openheid)
2 conscientiousness (bewust handelen)
3 extraversion (extrovertie)
4 agreebleness (aangenaam, contact anderen)
5 neuroticism (emotioneel stabiel) |
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Term
| person situation interaction |
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Definition
| every person reacts differently depending on the situation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| convergent differentiation |
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Definition
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Term
| divergent differentiation |
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Definition
different goals for specific people
extra uitdaging voor slimme kinderen, minder werk voor zwakkere kinderen |
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Term
| Atention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
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Definition
1 inattention
2 hyperactivity
3 impuslivity
psychiatric disorder (not learning) |
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Term
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Definition
onset 0-3 years old
social relations, abnormalities in communication and restrictive/repetitive patterns and behaviors. |
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Term
| behaviorism (John Watson) |
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Definition
| everything that can be seen, behavior |
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Term
| classical condition Pavlov |
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Definition
Unconditioned stimulus
Unconditioned Response
Conditioned Stimulus
Conditioned Response
Neutral stimulus |
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Term
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Definition
| using different kinds of bells |
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Term
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Definition
| CS with bell, not other sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| bel zonder eten, afleren van gedrag |
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Term
Operant conditioning
reinforcement |
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Definition
belonen van gedrag, compliment
gedrag komt vaker voor |
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Term
Operant conditioning
punishment |
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Definition
| gedrag komt minder vaak voor |
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Term
Operant conditioning
positive reinforcement |
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Definition
| rewarding stimulus, comliment geven |
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Term
Operant conditioning
negative reinforcement |
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Definition
| removel aversive, stoppen met zeuren |
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Term
| Bandura social cognitive theory |
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Definition
behavior<->person/cognitive<->environment
all play a role in learning |
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Term
| cognitive-behavior approches |
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Definition
| people can affect/modify their own behavior ( instead of letting outside factors deside) to reach a goal |
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Term
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Definition
| Proces in which information is stored in memory. (rehearsal, deep processing, elaboration, constructing images and organisation) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability to process information with little or no effort. |
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Term
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Definition
| creating new processes for processing information |
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Term
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Definition
knowing about knowing
knowing how to learn |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Levels of processing theory, how deeply you relate to an item. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Encoding
Construction images |
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Definition
| Elaborating by thinking of an image |
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Term
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Definition
| The way information is organized in the memory. By chunking not b-a-l but bal you can remember more letters. |
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Term
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Definition
first stage
only a second when no attention is paid |
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Term
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Definition
limited capacity
30 seconds unless rehearsed or processed |
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Term
short term memory
memory span |
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Definition
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Term
short term memory
working memory |
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Definition
| temporarily holds information while people preform tasks |
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Term
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Definition
| holds enormous amounts of information. You can retrieve most of it in an instant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contious recollection of information sush as events/facts |
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Term
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Definition
| Knowledge about who to do things. You often can't explain these things. |
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Term
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Definition
Memory of events
first day of school
first teacher |
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Term
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Definition
| General knowledge about the world |
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Term
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Definition
| Information is organized through networks labels and concepts |
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Term
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Definition
| You fit information to what you already know in your mind. |
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Term
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Definition
Memory is best understood as 2 types.
1 verbatism --> precise details
2 fuzzy trace --> central idea of information (vergelijkingen) |
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Term
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Definition
| You remember the first and last things of a list better than the middle. |
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Term
| encoding specificity principle |
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Definition
| details learned when encoding are given as cues. Knowing is cue-dependant. |
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Term
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Definition
| you don't forget, but other information is interfearing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Time passing will disintegrate memory trace |
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