Term
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Definition
"in place of the parents" - responsibility of teacher to function as when student is in school.
p240 |
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Term
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Definition
(RIF) elimination of teaching positions because of declining enrollment or funding
p247 |
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Term
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Definition
1647 Massachusetts law requiring parents to educate their children. Required town of 50+ families to pay teacher to teach reading & writing to thwart satan.
p319 |
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Term
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Definition
1862 federal statute granting each state land for agriculture and mechanical arts.
p336 |
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Term
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Definition
1874 US Sup Ct decision that upheld the state's right to tax citizens to create public high schools
p329 |
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Term
| Brown v. Board of education of Topeka |
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Definition
1954 US Supreme Court ruling that segregated schools are inherently unequal. Required desegregation.
p338 |
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Term
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Definition
1965 Elementary and Secondary Education Act; delivers federal funds to school districts for ed services for low-income families and supplement ed to low-achieving students
p369 |
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Term
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Definition
19th century US school designed to serve all classes of people and religions.
p321 |
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Term
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Definition
1st type of secondary school in the american colonies to prepare students for college.
p327 |
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Term
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Definition
A binding agreement between 2 or more persons.
p244 |
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Term
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Definition
A branch of philosophy that studies the nature of knowledge, its origins, foundations, limits and vitality.
p287 |
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Term
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Definition
A formal complaint about working conditions.
p244 |
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Term
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Definition
a process that protects a person's constitutional right to receive fair and equal protection under the law.
p242 |
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Term
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Definition
A school run by a housewife during early colonial days.
p318 |
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Term
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Definition
alternative school providing special instruction such as fine arts, for specific groups such as gifted or talented or for specific teaching styles.
p390 |
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Term
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Definition
collection of person's work.
p400 |
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Term
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Definition
efforts by home, school & religious community to help student know and do good AND forge good qualities such as courage, respect and responsibility.
p405 |
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Term
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Definition
| efforts to improve skills and competencies of professional staff. |
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Term
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Definition
failure to fulfill the requirements of a legal agreement.
p245 |
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Term
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Definition
Federal aid to education that must be spent for purposes specified by the legislation and the federal agency administering the funds. Much more restrictive in use than Block Grants.
p369 |
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Term
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Definition
Illustrated book composed of religious texts and other readings. basic text used in schools during the 18th century.
p319 |
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Term
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Definition
legal right protecting teachers fromdismissal without adequate cause.
p245 |
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Term
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Definition
Moral Code or sytem. Branch of philosophy that studies right and wrong behavior.
p231 |
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Term
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Definition
movement to contract with private organizations, for profit, to operate particular public schools whose students have been performing poorly on tests or to provide specific ed services to public schools (e.g. Sylvan Learning Centers)
p362 |
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Term
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Definition
No Child Left Behind Act (2001) - re-authorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act.
p369 |
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Term
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Definition
philosophy of a core body of knowledge and skills necessary for effective participation in society. Belief that educated people have this core of knowledge and skills and all children must be taught it.
p295 |
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Term
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Definition
The attempt to explain the meaning of life without regard to religion.
p286 |
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Term
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Definition
Policy making body of a local school district; it represents the citizens of the district in setting up schools, hiring personnel and determining local public ed policy.
p354 |
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Term
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Definition
product of the intellect that has commercial value (copyrights, patents and trademarks)
p256 |
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Term
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Definition
Public schools in which the educators have made a special contract, or charter, with the chartering agency. Usually charter allows independence in operation.
p390 |
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Term
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Definition
reform effort in some states to more evenly spread the school year out.
p384 |
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Term
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Definition
school policy for automatic suspension or expulsion of students who bring forbidden items such as weapons or drug or engage in undesired behavior such as fighting or bullying.
p269 |
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Term
| site-based decision making |
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Definition
school reform effort to decentralize allowing decisions to be made at the school level. Teachers become involved in decision making process.
p390 |
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Term
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Definition
schooling for everyone
p321 |
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Term
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Definition
Schools returning to a pattern of racial seg after a period of progress toward deseg.
p339 |
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Term
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Definition
Shorthand for the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) which outlines who may have access to a student's records.
p279 |
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Term
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Definition
The freedom of teachers to teach about an issue without fear or penalty.
p251 |
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Term
| intelligent design theory |
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Definition
theory of the origins of life that "an intelligence" either created or somehow guided its development.
p263 |
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Term
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Definition
theory that people learn by constructing their own knowledge through an active learning process rather than absorbing knowledge directly from another source.
p307 |
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Term
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Definition
type of ed choice plan giving parents a written statement that they can exchange for schooling they believe is best. School can cash in voucher to pay for resources.
p392 |
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Term
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Definition
| Unwanted and unwelcomesexual attention that interferes with ones life. |
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Term
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Definition
teachers taught only what was to be tested on the test as more and more states adopt new more rigorous standards.
p398 |
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Term
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Definition
1983 federal report starting modern reform effort. Called for longer school days, more homework, tougher grading policies, more testing.
p376 |
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Term
| Arbington School District v. Schempp |
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Definition
1963 court decision declaring reading bible & reciting Lord's Prayer unconstitutional (bible may be studied for historical purposes.
p260, 265 |
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Term
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Definition
psychologist who developed behaviorism (operant conditioning).
p306 |
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Term
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Definition
| large sum of money granted by the national government to a regional government with only general provisions as to the way it is to be spent. Much less restrictive than categorical grants. |
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Term
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Definition
Teachers have a duty to safeguard students from abuse and neglect at the hands of their parents or other adults.
p250 |
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Term
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Definition
1962 court decision making bible reading and teacher led prayer unconstitutional - because of social pressure, no difference between voluntary and compulsory prayer in school. Private reading & prayer still ok.
p260 |
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Term
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Definition
Advocated for Common Schools. Saw ed as tool for liberation by which poor could elevate themselves.
p322 |
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Term
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Definition
founder of instrumentalism, most influential figure of American ed.
p301 |
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Term
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Definition
substantial reason to believe a person is in posssession of something illegal. Usually needed to conduct a search, courts have lowered this standards for schools.
p272 |
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Term
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Definition
| taxes on land to fund public education and other state services. |
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Term
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Definition
method of teaching created by socrates where the teacher is a facillitator of the students reciting the lessons.
p289 |
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Term
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Definition
chief state school officer responsible for administration of public ed and reports to state board of education.
p353 |
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Term
| Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District |
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Definition
1969 case finding that students' use of black arm bands in protest of viet nam were protected free speech.
p267, 278 |
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Term
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Definition
state testing of teachers to make sure of a minimum level of competency. Usually takes place when teachers are leaving teacher education programs.
p386 |
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Term
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Definition
| testing that carries with it some significant stake in the outcome. (i.e. school funding or student graduation) |
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