Term
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Definition
| Bronfenbrenner's theory that consists of 5 enviromental systems (micro, meso, exo, macro, and chrono) |
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Term
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Definition
| direct interactions with parents, teachers, peers, and others |
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Term
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Definition
| linkages between microsystems such as family and school, and relationships between students and peers |
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Term
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Definition
| experiences in settings in which a child does not have an active role influence the child's experiences |
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Term
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Definition
| the broader culture in which students and teachers live |
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Term
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Definition
| the sociohistorical conditions of a student's development |
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Term
| List Bronfenbrenner's Theory in the classroom (3) |
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Definition
-think about children embedded in several enviromental systems and influences
-attend to connections between school and families
-recognize the importance of community, culture, and socioeconomic status |
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Term
| Erikson's Life Span Development Theory (3) |
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Definition
-Development proceeds in stage
-Each stage is characterized by a psychosocial challenge or crisis
-stages reflect the motivation of the individual |
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Term
| Erikson's 8 Stages of Development |
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Definition
| 1. Trust vs. Mistrust, 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, 3. Initiative vs. Guilt, 4. Industry vs. Inferiority, 5. Identity vs. Identity Confusion, 6. Intimact vs. Isolation, 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation, 8. Integrity vs. Despair |
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Term
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Definition
| 0-1 yrs, developed through cosistent love and support |
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Term
| Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt |
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Definition
| 1-3 yrs, Independence fostered by support and encouragement |
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Term
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Definition
| 3-5 yrs, Developed by exploring and accepting challengesw |
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Term
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Definition
| 6yrs to puberty, mastery comes from success and recognition |
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Term
| Identity vs. Role Confusion |
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Definition
| Adolescence, Exploration of different paths to attain a healthy identity |
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Term
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Definition
| Early adult yrs, Form positive, close relationships with others |
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Term
| Generativity vs. Stagnation |
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Definition
| Middle adulthood, Transmitting something positive to the next generation |
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Term
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Definition
| Late adulthood, Life review and retrospective evaluation of one's past |
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Term
| 3 strategies for Erikson's Stages of Development |
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Definition
| Initiative, Industry, and Identity |
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Term
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Definition
-encourage social play
-have children assume responsibilites
-structure assignments for success |
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Term
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Definition
-nourish motivation for mastery
-be tolerant of honest mistakes |
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Term
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Definition
-recognize that identity is multidimensional
-encourage independent thinking
-stimulate students to examine different perspectives |
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Term
| Baumrind's Parenting Styles |
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Definition
Neglectful - permissive and uninvolved
Authoritarian - firm limits and controls
Indulgent - highly involved but set few restrictions
Authoritative - nurturing and supportive |
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Term
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Definition
| children in families of divorce, single parents |
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Term
Ethnic and Socioeconomic Variations in
Families |
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Definition
| Minority students, low-income parents, and middle-class families |
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Term
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Definition
| listen carefully, act like themselves,show enthusiasm, are happy |
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Term
| peer statuses - neglected |
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Definition
| infrequently "best friend", are not disliked |
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Term
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Definition
| seldom "best friend", often disliked |
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Term
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Definition
| receive both positive and negative peer nominations |
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Term
| peer statuses- controversial |
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Definition
| frequently "best friend", often disliked |
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Term
| Benefits of friendship (4) |
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Definition
| companionship, physical support, ego support, and intimacy/affection |
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Term
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Definition
| familiar partner who is willing to spend time with them |
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Term
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Definition
| assistance and resources in times of need |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| warm, trusting, close relationships |
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Term
| Developmentally Appropriate Education |
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Definition
| based on knowledge of the typical development of children within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child |
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Term
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Definition
-middle schools are massive and impersonal and students trust few adults
-emphasis on achievement overshadows physical and socioemotional changes
-beginning students at bottom of hierarchy |
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Term
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Definition
| moving from the top to the bottom |
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Term
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Definition
| individual's overall view of him/herself |
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Term
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Definition
| cognitive appraisal of our social, physical, and academic competence |
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Term
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Definition
| adolescents have not yet explored meaningful alternatives or made commitments |
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Term
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Definition
| Adolescents have made a commitment without exploring alternatives |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternatives have been explored but commtments are absent |
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Term
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Definition
| Alternatives have been explored and commitments have been made |
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Term
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Definition
| aspect of the self that inclued a sense of membership in an ethnic group |
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Term
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Definition
| development with respect to the rules and conventions of just interations between people |
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Term
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Definition
| age 4-7, rules are unchangeable properties of the work |
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Term
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Definition
| if the rule is broken, punishment is immediate |
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Term
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Definition
| ages 7-10, laws are created by people, and intention and consequences should be considered |
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Term
| Kohlberg's Levels of Moral Development |
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Definition
Preconvention- moral reasoning is controlled by external rewards and punishments
Conventional- internal standards are imposed by others
Postconventional- morality is internal, not based on external standards |
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Term
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Definition
| (Kohlberg's theory) moral perspective that focuses on the rights of the individual |
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Term
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Definition
| moral perspective that focuses on connectedness and relationships among people (Gilligan's approach) |
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Term
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Definition
| says girls experience life different, says relatinships are central to every aspect of a female's life |
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Term
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Definition
-school personnel serve as models of ethical behavior
-classroom rules and peer relationships transmit positive attitudes to students |
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Term
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Definition
| Schools take a direct approach to teaching moral literacy and design an enviroment that rewards proper behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| schools design programs that allow students to clarify their own values and understand the values of others |
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Term
| Cognitive Moral Education |
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Definition
| shchools base programs on the belief that students should learn to value things like democracy and justice as moral reasoning develops |
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Term
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Definition
| Schools encourage students to be involved in the community by becoming a tutor, helping the elderly, volunteering in hospitals or day care, ect. |
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