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ED485 Asessment
Vocabulary
43
Education
Undergraduate 3
03/12/2013

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Term
Assessment
Definition
 The act of collecting data, either informally or formally, on an individuals capability to perform an act or knowledge of content.  Data collected guides decisions on instruction and planning.
Term
Testing
Definition

 

Is a single measurement tool for student knowledge. Evaluated and scored based on criteria/content  providded.  Can be administered at anytime (for example unit or chapter test).

 

Term
Evaluation/Analysis
Definition
 The product of assessment, evaluation is the act of analyzing and judging assessment data.
Term
Alternative Assessment
Definition

  Instrument used to obtain standards based performance and progress for students with severe disabilities in lieu of standardized testing.


A different assessment that demonstrates a mastery or improvement of skills in a form or fashion  other than standardized tests.  For example a portfolio of student work samples.

Term
Authentic Assessment
Definition
Assessing the application of knowledge and skills taught to a student in a real world setting without prompting from the teacher.
Term
Achievement Tests
Definition
A knowledge or proficiecy test on content that is learned or taught. A determination of a student's knowledge  of a particular subject or content area.
Term
Intelligence Tests
Definition
A series of tests that measure ones mental ability or academic aptitude (verbal, spatial). Some believe intelligence does not change - native intelligence.
Term
Anecdotal Records
Definition
Short notes taken during or after an observation is made. On the sport recording of learning or behavior.
Term
Artifacts
Definition
Tangible piece of evidence of student learning.  Primarily items that are selected for student portfolios or summative assessments.
Term
Portfolio
Definition
A collection of student and/or teacher selected artifacts that demonstrate student learning and progress.
Term

Benchmarks -

Benchmarks Tests

Definition

Benchmarks are standards to which something can be measured against.

Assessments used to measure students learning against the standards.

Term
Criterion-referenced
Definition
Assessment that collects data on student's knowledge of specific content. Typically, the goal is to have every student attain a passing score, not to compare students to each other.
Term

Norm-referenced

Norming group

Definition
An assessment in which a student's performance is compared with a larger group. Usually the larger group is representative of a cross-section of all US students.   Typically scores fall on a bell curve. Norming group represents the population the test was written for.
Term
Percentile rank vs. Percentage
Definition

Precentile is a ranking score that represents a student's ranking in comparison to peers.  If a student is in the 95th precentile he scored higher than 95% of their peers.

Percentage is the calculation of the number of correct answers over the total number possible. Most commonly used in classroom assessment.

Term
Normal Curve Equivalent (NCE)-Grade Equivalent
Definition

NCE is an interval score used in edcuational assessments.  Raw scores are converted into a scale score that allows comparison across states by NAEP.

Grade Equivalent is a descriptive ranking score of normative data that is understandable by parents. It is reported in grade levels and tenths of months. For example 6.2 is equal to grade 6 and 2/10 of the year.

Term
Stanine
Definition

 

A norm-referenced ranking scale that compares scores within a population. Scores are divided into a 9 point scale along the bell curve and provide the following data: stanine 1-3 below average, 4-6 average, and 7-9 above average.

Term
Bell Curve
Definition
A qualitative assessment tool used with standardized testing.  The distribution of scores results in a bell shaped curve.
Term
Raw scores, scale scores
Definition

Raw scores are the number of correct scores on a given assessment and can only be compared between other scores from the same assessment.

 

Scale scores are raw scores converted to a standard interval scale that allows data from mulitple assessment types to be compared.

Term
Performance assessment
Definition
A single, teacher created event that will assess the student performing a complex task that applies knowledge and skills learned. For example, a driver's test or writing a research paper.
Term
Pre- and post-assessment
Definition

Pre-assessment gathers data on the skill set students currently possess before starting a new unit or subject. 

 

Post-assessment gathers data on what a student learned from said unit or subject.  Both assessment types are used to guide teacher decisions on planning and instruction.

Term
Qualitative assessment
Definition
An assessment that can be subjective and requires judgement, typically seen with observation type assessments as well as essay and short answer tests.  A rubric would be an example of an assessment tool used with qualitative assessments.
Term
Quantitative Assessment
Definition
An objective assessment that yields a numerical and calculable score such as a percentage. Quantitative assessments consist of questions where only one correct answer exists such as multiple choice ad true/false.
Term
Reliability
Definition
The consistency of an assessment and the ability to rely on the measurement yielded.
Term
Validity
Definition
The accuracy of the assessment.  Measurement results can be trusted to be valid and accurate.
Term
Bias
Definition
Any material slanted toward a particular person or group resulting in unfair practice.
Term
Rubric
Definition
A qualitative assessment tool based on set criteria that evaluates student knowledge and skills.
Term
Stakeholders
Definition
Any individual or group that has invested interest in the school and education.
Term
Objective
Definition
Only one answer is possible, objective test questions consist of true/false and multiple choice.

Term
Subjective
Definition
Subjective questions may have more than one answer; opinion and feeling may play a role.  Typically questions are open ended and require expert judgement.
Term
Social Promotion
Definition
The belief that social concerns serve a better criterion for the advancement of students from one grade to next rather than academic concerns.
Term
Retention
Definition
More prevalent in the early grades, the act of keeping a student from promoting to the next grade because foundational skills have not been met.
Term
Early Intervention
Definition
Any form of intervention at a young age that will counteract or eliminate risk factors that may impact academic success.
Term
NAEP
Definition
National Assessment of  Education Progress, utilizes embedded test questions in state tests to compare state academic achievement.
Term
High-Stakes Testing
Definition
Using standardized tests to bring about major consequences or major decisions that impact others such as high school exit exams or  teacher salaries.
Term
NCLB
Definition
No Child Left Behind is the reauthorization of ESEA that governs the federal government's role in public education.
Term
AYP
Definition
Adequate yearly progress is a requirement of NCLB . It consists of goals that demonstrate progress toward accountability in school acheivement.
Term
OAKS
Definition
Oregon Assessment of  Knowledge and Skills is a standardized test administered by Oregon to measure student proficiency with state standards.
Term
Formative Assessment
Definition
Regular and ongoing assessment that governs teacher decisions and instruction.
Term
Summative Assessment
Definition
An assessment that measures student proficieny over a period of time, such as unit goals met, semester grades, or year end promotion.
Term
IEP
Definition
Individual Education Plan, a legal document that sets in place a student's special education plan for meeting goals and implementing accommodations and modifications.
Term
Cognitive Domain
Definition
A set of cognitive abilities listed under Bloom's Taxanomy chart, abilities range in complexity from simple to advance.
Term
Affective Domain
Definition
Another area of Bloom's Taxanomy that focuses on attitudes and beliefs. These attitues and beliefs are imbedded in society and refer to honesty, respect, and so on.
Term
Pyschomotor Domain
Definition
The third area of Bloom's Taxanomy, refers to an indivual's pyschomotor abilites such as gross and fine motors skills, perception, visual coordination and so on.
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