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Definition
| A point in the decision process where the decision-maker must chose from the treatment options available (squares) |
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Definition
| A point in the decision process wher ethe events that follow are not in control of the decision-maker (circles) |
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| An exhaustive list of the optoinos (decision nodes) or events (chance nodes) that follow a node (right angles) |
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Definition
| The probabilities associated witht he set of events after each chance node (for each chance node the probabilities must sum to 1) (p,q) |
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| The assumed set of final outcome "changes" associated with each path through the decision tree that are aligned witht he perspective of the decision-maker (rectangles/terminal nodes) |
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Definition
Uncertainty in the patient's diagnosis that may affect the relationship between treatment and outcomes
*Ex: Treat acute otitis media with ABX? |
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Definition
Uncertainty int he patient's course of disease given a diagnosis that may affect the relationshp between treatment and outcomes
*Ex. Aggresively treat early stage cancer |
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Definition
Uncertainty in the relationship between treatment and outcome for a given diagnosis and prognosis
*Ex: Use pharmacologica care with risk of ADR factored into decision tree |
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Definition
Calculate the "expected" consequence following each chance node using respective probabilities as weights
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Definition
| Selecting the decision at each decision node with the best expected outcome and "pruning" all other decision branches |
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Term
| Clincal Decision Analysis (CDA) |
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Definition
| A systematic approach to contrast the ability of one or mroe treatment regimens to achieve a single health outcome under uncertainty |
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Definition
| The activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large |
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| Priorities of Marketing (5) |
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Definition
1. Identify new opportunities
2. Develop new products
3. Attract customers
4. Retain customers and build loyalty
5. Fulfill orders |
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Definition
1. Product
2. Price
3. Place
4. Promotion |
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Definition
| Group of individuals or organization that have one or mroe similar characteristics, needs, and/or interests |
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Narrower segment of population that needs or desires specialized goods/services
*Needs to be sufficient in size, growth potential, not well-served, purchasing potential, demonstrated need |
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Definition
The image associated with a company, product, or service
*Integrated marketing communications (IMC) is a key branding strategy |
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Definition
| Developing long-term mutually beneficial relatinoship with patients, business partners, and clinical partners |
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Definition
| How much a pt would pay to improve his/her health state |
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Definition
| How much a pt would accept as payment to reduce their health state |
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Term
| Treatment Threshold Price (TTP) |
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Definition
| The highest price a pt would be willing to pay for a tx given the value of benefits associated with the treatment and the effectiveness of the treatment relative to the alternative outcome. |
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Definition
| The value of the relative advantage of treatment A over treatment B...ie, max pt willing to pay for tx A |
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Definition
Economic Clinical and Humanistic Outcomes model
*Econ: opportunity costs, measured by payors and pts
*Clnical: morbidity/mortality; measured by health-care providers
*Humanistic: QOL; measured by pt |
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Definition
| Individual costs, costs to family and friends |
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Definition
| Medical costs and nonmedical (transportation, informal care, etc) |
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Definition
| Pain, suffering, and greif of pt and anyone who cares |
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Definition
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Definition
| Costs which vary with the level of service, consumables (labor) |
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Term
| Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA) ratio |
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Definition
| CE ratio = (expected cost Tx - expected cost alternative) / (expected health outcome from tx - expected health outcome alternate) |
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