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Econ exam 2
econ
43
Economics
Undergraduate 1
03/29/2011

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Term
Inflation
Definition
an increase in the average of price
Term
Relative prices as inflation occurs
Definition
relative prices change because not all prices change by exactly the same percentage over time
Term
base year
Definition
a year chosen as a comparison;always equal to 100
Term
the rate of inflation measured between two years with the consumer price index (CPI).value of 120 in 1998, 160 in 1999
Definition
the rate of inflation is the change in the CPI (40) divided by the original CPI (120)
Term
Causes of inflation
Definition
demand pull inflation and cost push inflation.
Term
demand pull inflation
Definition
a rise in the general price level resulting from an excess of total spending
Term
Cost push inflation
Definition
an increase in the general price level resulting from an increase in the cost of production
Term
Consumer price index
Definition
measures changes in the average prices of consumer goods and services
Term
disinflation
Definition
a reduction in the rate of inflation
Term
Nominal income
Definition
the actual number of dollars received over a period of time
Term
Real income
Definition
the actual number of dollars received (nominal income) adjusted for changes in CPI
Term
what problems could not be analyzed by the Keynesian model
Definition
the rise of unemployment and inflation
Term
Nominal interest rate
Definition
the actual rate of interest without adjustment for the inflation rate
Term
Real interest rate
Definition
the nominal rate of interest minus the inflation rate
Term
Adjustable rate mortgage
Definition
a home loan that adjusts the nominal interest rates of inflation
Term
autonomous expenditures
Definition
means independent of
Term
investment demand schedule
Definition
shows the amount of investment spending that would occur at different rates of interest
Term
John Maynard Keynes
Definition
British economist;noted that the economy can be in equilibrium at any level of GDP
Term
Classical economists
Definition
believed recessions would naturally cure themselves because the price system would automatically restore full employment
Term
Say's Law
Definition
The theory that supply creates its own demand
Term
relationship between the GDP gap and the recessionary gap
Definition
if the GDP gap is 100, the multiplier 5, the recessionary gap equals 20
Term
Dissaving
Definition
the amount by which personal consumption expenditures exceed disposable income
Term
the biggest short coming of the Classical macroeconomic theory
Definition
could not account for the length and severity of the depression
Term
Saving
Definition
the part of disposable income households do not spend for consumer goods and services
Term
if the CPI was 130 this year
Definition
the prices are 30% higher in this year than the base year
Term
Factors that overstate the inflation rate
Definition
substitution bias
Term
Why is a weighted average of price changes more appropriate than a simple average of price changes?
Definition
simple average of the percentage increases in product prices
Term
basic conclusion of Classical macroeconomic theory
Definition
the economy could only be in equilibrium at full employment level of GDP
Term
building blocks of Classical theory
Definition
Say's Law and the interest rate would equal saving and investment
Term
relationship between aggregate expenditures multiplier and marginal propensity to save (MPS)
Definition
the aggregate multiplier is the reciprocal of the MPS
Term
purpose of macroeconomic theory
Definition
to predict and explain the behavior of macroeconomic variables and eliminate a gap
Term
macroeconomic theory belongs to...
Definition
normative economics
Term
AD schedule
Definition
shows the total of aggregate expenditures
Term
Real balances (wealth) effect
Definition
a lower price level increases the value of the household wealth
Term
interest rate effect
Definition
domestic price level falls, nominal interest rates decline, and investment expenditures increase
Term
foreign trade effect
Definition
lower domestic level will cause exports to rise and imports to fall
Term
profit effect
Definition
a rise in the domestic price level will cause revenues from increased sales to exceed the additional costs increasing the level of output
Term
cost effect
Definition
domestic price level rises, the marginal costs of production increase
Term
AS schedule
Definition
Keynesian range is horizontal and the intermediate range is upward sloping
Term
factors that cause movement along an AD schedule
Definition
a change in domestic price level
Term
what impact does the shape of the AS schedule have on the ability of fiscal policies?
Definition
the steeper the AS schedule, the greater the impact on the price level
Term
supply side fiscal policy
Definition
causes AS schedule to shift downward and to the right;cause price level to fall and level of real GDP to rise
Term
fiscal policies
Definition
involves the taxing, spending, and borrowing powers of the government
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