Term
| What 4 abiotic factors affect ecosystems? |
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Definition
| 1) Water 2) Soil 3) Temperature 4) Air |
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Term
| Where in green plants does photosynthesis occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| Plant cells' chloroplasts contain what? |
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Definition
| Chlorophyll (which makes a plant green) |
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Term
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Definition
Organisms that cannot make their own food so they must get it ready made.
Example: All animals |
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Term
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Definition
Producer in a food chain that provides food for itself.
Example: All green plants |
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Term
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Definition
| A series or sequence...where a biotic eats another biotic |
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Term
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Definition
| Organism that gets nutrients from another organism. Animals that eat or consume food. |
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Term
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Definition
Organisms that produce food for others.
Example: Cow |
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Term
| What 3 things do plants use for photosynthesis: |
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Definition
1) Sunlight
2) Water
3) Carbon Dioxide |
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Term
1)What is photosynthesis?
2)What 3 things are needed for photosynthesis to occur?
3) Where does photosynthesis occur in the plant? |
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Definition
1) Plants produce food (sugars) through the process of photosynthesis.
2) Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide
3) Leaves
The chemical reaction for photosynthesis
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight = Sugar + Oxygen
Photosynthesis takes place in the leaves of a plant where the structures called chloroplasts are found which contain the green pigment called chlorophyll. The carbon dioxide needed for photosynthesis comes in through the stomata, which are the tiny openings on the underside of a leaf. Another gas, oxygen, is released into the air
during photosynthesis through these same openings. |
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Term
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Definition
| An animal that eats plants |
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Term
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Definition
| An animal that eats meat. |
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Term
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Definition
| An animal that eats either animals or plants. |
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Term
| List 3 examples of producers (one that is not a plant). |
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Definition
1) Fungus (not a plant)
2) Tree
3) Flower |
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Term
| A primary consumer is always a ______________ because of what it eats. |
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Definition
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Term
| A secondary consumer might be a _______________ or a ______________ because of what it eats. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between abiotic factors and biotic factors. Give examples of each. |
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Definition
1) abiotic factors- nonliving, never have lived; ex. Metal, rocks, water,
temperature, soil
2) Biotic factors- living or once living; ex. Animals, plants, dead organisms, paper |
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Term
| Name 6 characteristics all living things share: |
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Definition
a. Use energy
b. Made of cells
c. Are organized
d. Grow and Develop
e. Exchanges gases
f. Reproduce
g. Respond to the Environment |
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Term
| Draw an energy pyramid and label. Which level contains the most energy, which one the least, and why? |
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Definition
Tertiary consumers, least energy
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Producers, most energy
The producers contain the most energy because they are closest to the primary energy source the sun |
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Term
| Name 3 types of symbiosis. |
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Definition
1)mutualism
2)commensalism
3)parasitism |
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Term
| Which symbiotic relationship is a "win-win" relationship? Give example. |
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Definition
| Mutualism- example: ants/aphids, hummingbird flower |
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Term
| Which symbiotic relationship is a "win-lose"? Give example. |
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Definition
| Parasitism- example: mistletoe/tree, tick/dog |
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Term
| Which symbiotic relationship is made up of one organism benefiting but the other is unaffected? Give example. |
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Definition
| Commensalism- example: shark/remora fish, jellyfish/fish |
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
A cat has fleas |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
Aphids provide food for ants and receive protection in the ant colony |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism |
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Definition
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Term
| Egrets (birds) stay on elephants backs receiving food and protection. |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
A sea anemone receives food lured in by a clownfish while the clownfish calls the sea anemone home. |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
The remora fish lives on the back of a shark hitching a ride as well as eating scraps from the shark. |
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Definition
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Term
For the following, determine what type of relationship is involved:
Mutualism, Commensalism, or Parasitism
A worm lives on the underside of a starfish receiving food and protection. |
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Definition
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Term
1) Describe the process of transpiration.
2) What are the openings on the underside of the leaf that allow this to work?
3) What is the other structure that helps with evaporation? |
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Definition
1) Movement of water vapor out of a plant and into the air; caused by sunlight and wind.
2) Stomata
3) Cuticle |
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Term
1) What is the vascular system in plants?
2) What are the two parts of the vascular system?
3) What do each carry and which direction do they move? |
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Definition
1) The vascular system is made up of tube-like cells that carry nutrients and water to different parts of the plant.
2) Water andnutrients enter through the roots and travel upward through the xylem in the stem.
2) Xylem & Phloem
3) Sugar is produced in the leaves and is transported downward to all parts of the plant through the phloem in the stem. |
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Term
1) What is cellular respiration?
2) What are the starting materials and products of respiration?
3) Where does it happen? |
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Definition
1) The process of creating cell energy is known as cellular respiration.
2) It takes in "nutrients", breaks them down, and creates "energy" for the cell.
3) Most of the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration happen in the mitochondria |
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Term
| Describe the carbon dioxide/oxygen cycle as it relates to plants and animals. |
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Definition
Plants take in carbon dioxide and for photosynthesis. They produce oxygen. We breathe in the oxygen and through a process called respiration create carbon dioxide (which the plant takes in for photosynthesis). This is a circular process.
Animals form the other half of the oxygen cycle. We breathe in oxygen which we use to break carbohydrates down into energy in a process called respiration.
Carbon dioxide produced during respiration is breathed out by animals into the air.
This means that plants "breathe" in carbon dioxide and "breathe" out oxygen.
Animals form the other half of the oxygen cycle. We breathe in oxygen which we use to break carbohydrates down into energy in a process called respiration.
Carbon dioxide produced during respiration is breathed out by animals into the air. |
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Term
What the parts of a flower:
1) The male part - What 2 parts that make it up?
2) Female part - What 4 parts make up the female part?
3) Where is the pollen?
4) Where are the ovules? |
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Definition
1) Male part - the stamen. It is made up of a) anther and b) filament.
2) Female part - the pistil. It is made up of 4 parts: a) stigma, b) style, c) ovary and d) ovules (eggs)
3) Pollen is on the anthers in the stamen.
4) Ovules are in the pistil (female). |
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Term
| How do bees and butterflies help with plant reproduction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are plants multicellular or unicellular and are they producers or consumers? |
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Definition
Plants are multicellular.
Plants are autotrophs (producers – capture energy from the Sun) |
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Term
| What forms when pollen grains fertilize the ovules? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the ovary enlarges with the seeds inside what forms? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are two jobs of the roots of a plant? |
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Definition
1) They anchor the plant in the ground.
2) They absorb water & nutrients. |
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Term
| What does photosynthesis provide for plants? for animals? |
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Definition
For plants - food (sugars)
For animals - oxygen |
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Term
| What are 3 ways seeds can be scattered to allow for plants to grow in different places? |
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Definition
1) Wind
2) Water
3) Animals (mammal, bird or insect) |
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Term
| What is the chemical reaction for photosynthesis? Give the equation. |
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Definition
Carbon Dioxide + Water + Sunlight = Sugar + Oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O (+ light energy) C6H12O6 + 6O2. |
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Term
| What captures sunlight in the plant & is the green pigment? |
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Definition
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Term
| An ___________ is the immature form of an organism that has the potential to grow and develop. It is found inside the __________________ of a plant. |
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Definition
An embryo is the immature form of an organism that has the potential to grow and develop.
This is found inside the seed. |
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Term
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Definition
| When the embryo begans to grow inside the seed. |
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Term
| A pine tree is an example of _________ which comes from the Greek word meaning "naked seed" because their seeds are not enclosed in fruit. |
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Definition
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Term
A seed plant that produces both flowers and fruits is called an _______________.
Give 4 examples of this type of plant. |
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Definition
| A seed plant that produces both flowers and fruits is called an angiosperm . Give four examples of this type of plant. Grasses, trees, peanuts, grapes, strawberries, squash, etc. |
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Term
| The _______________ is the reproductive structure of an angiosperm (produces both flowers & fruite). |
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Definition
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Term
| For a lot of flowers to reproduce a symbiotic relationship is required. Describe how each partner helps the other to allow plants to reproduce. |
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Definition
| Mutualism occurs here where both organisms benefit. The animal that’s pollinating the flower benefits by getting food and the flower benefits because these animals move pollen from flower to flower and seeds from place to place |
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Term
| What is a pollinator? Give an example. |
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Definition
| An animal that pollinates a flower. Examples might include bees, butterflies and other insects |
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Term
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Definition
1) Sepals
2) Petals
3) Stamen (male)
4) Pistal (female) |
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Term
| Sepals protect the __________ until it opens. |
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Definition
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Term
| Petals attract ___________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stamens make __________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ovary grows into fruits which contain the ___________________. |
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Definition
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Term
The Stamen:
Is made up of _________________ which hold the _______________ grains. The ____________________ holds the ______________ up. |
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Definition
Stamen:
Made up of filament which holds the pollen grains. The filament holds the anther up. |
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Term
| The pistil of the flower contains four parts. Name them. |
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Definition
1) Stigma
2) Style
3) Ovary
4) Ovules |
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Term
| Label the parts of the flower. |
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Definition
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Term
| A flower is pollinated when a pollen grain lands on the ____________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pollen grains move from the stigma, down the _______________________ to reach the _______________________. |
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Definition
| Stigma down the "style" to reach the "ovary". |
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Term
1. Fertilized ovules develop into ________.
2. The _______________ enlarges to form the flesh of the ________________ and to protect the ovules (seeds). |
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Definition
1. Fertilized ovules develop into "seeds".
2. The "ovary" enlarges to form the flesh of the "fruit" and to protect the ovules (seeds). |
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Term
| In plants, the chlorophyll uses energy from sunlight and combines it with __________ & _____________ to produce ___________ & _____________. |
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Definition
sunlight + water + carbon dioxide =
glucose (sugar) & oxygen |
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Term
In the vascular system of a plant,
food moves through the ________________
water moves through the _______________ |
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Definition
Food moves through the "phloem"
Water moves through the "xylem" |
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Term
| What part of the plant (in cellular respiration) takes glucose (sugar) and turns it into energy the plant can use? |
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Definition
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