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Ecology Vocabulary
ecology unit 1
32
Science
7th Grade
02/10/2016

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Term
Ecology
Definition
the study of the interactions that take place among organisms and their environment
Term
Population
Definition
All the organisms in an ecosystem that belong to the same species
Term
Community
Definition
All the populations in an ecosystem
Term
Habitat
Definition
Provides shelter and resources so that animals can survive
Term

Niche

Definition
the role of an organism in ites ecosystem- how does it survive?
Term
Producer
Definition
makes its own energy through photosynthesis
Term
Consumer
Definition
must consume other organisms to gain energy aka heterotroph
Term
Biotic
Definition
Living
Term
Abiotic
Definition
Non-living
Term
Limiting Factor
Definition
any resource that limits how large a population can grow
Term
Competition
Definition
organisms attempt to use an ecologicial resource at the same place and the same time
Term
resource
Definition
anything necessary to survive (food, water, shelter)
Term
Predation
Definition
interaction where a consumer captures and feeds on another consumer
Term
Predator
Definition
organism that is being killed and eaten (victim)
Term
Symbiosis
Definition
any close relationship between two species
Term
Mutualism
Definition
both species benefit from the relationship (+/+)
Term
Commensalism
Definition
one member of the relationship benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped. one sided (+/0)
Term
Parasitism
Definition
One organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it (+/-)
Term
Host
Definition
organism that is harmed in a parasitic relationship; the one that provides nutrients to the parasite
Term
Parasite
Definition
organism that gets nutrients from the host
Term
5 basic needs
Definition
oxygen, food, water, living space, proper temperature
Term
Adapting
Definition
to change in order to make "fit" or suitable to an environment
Term
Adaptation
Definition
any body structure or behavior that helps an organism survive
Term
Structural Adaptation
Definition
physical characteristics that help an organism survive
Term
Behavioral Adaptation
Definition
activities performed by an organism to help it survive
Term
Camouflage
Definition
an adaptation where an animal can hide by blending in with its surroundings
Term
Mimicry
Definition
an adaptation where one organism imitates another organism
Term
Instinct
Definition
a pattern of behavior that requires no thinking
Term
Hibernation
Definition
an instinctive behavior in which some animals spend the winter in an inactive condition
Term
Learned Behavior
Definition
a behavior that an animal learns through experience
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
over time, population change naturally. Beneficial traits become more common. Harmful traits become less common and eventually disappear
Term
Selective Breeding
Definition
HUmans select specific organisms to breed together, in order to get certain "desirable" traits.
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