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Definition
| artic desert, near north pole, extremely cold |
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| boreal forest comprised of evergreens, below tundra, reminds everyone of Narnia cause of all the pines and lynxes |
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| temperate deciduous forest |
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Definition
| your typical north american forest, like the one Katniss lives in |
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| hot and dry, getting larger as humans clear land, on every continent, less than 15 cm of rain annually |
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| no seasons, up to 260 in. of rain annually |
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Definition
| lots of this stuff is in the midwest U.S., so go there for references. |
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| List the watersheds of PA |
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Definition
| Lake Erie, Susquehanna river, Delaware river, Genessee river, Ohio river, potomac river |
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| biotic index 1.76 to 2.25 |
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| Measurement of nitrate that indicates enrichment: |
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Definition
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| measurement of phosphates that indicates enrichment |
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| pH range for largest diversity of animals |
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Definition
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| pH range for snails and clams |
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Definition
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| pH range for base and crapple |
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Definition
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| pH range for carp, suckers, catfish, and some insects |
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| Series of predictable changes occuring in a community over time |
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Definition
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Definition
| species that arrives in an environment first |
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Term
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Definition
| ecological succession where no soil exists |
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Term
| List the steps of primary succession |
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Definition
1- rock weathers and releases nutrients
2- rock broken down physically and chemically
3- soil forms
4- herbs, grasses, low shrubs
5- climax community, trees |
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Term
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Definition
| end point of succession, a community at its most diverse point |
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Definition
| succession where vegetation has been destroyed but soil is still there |
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Term
| ____________s can live on bare rock. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sequence of plants in secondary succession |
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Definition
| annuals, perennials, shrubs, softwoods, hardwoods |
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Term
| Why is a clear cut more damaging than a forest fire? |
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Definition
| Forest fires return nutrients to the ground, and clear cuts take them away. |
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Term
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Definition
| defense mechanism where one species mimics another poisonous or distasteful one |
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Definition
| harmful species mimics a toxic one |
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Definition
| 2 toxic species mimic each other |
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Definition
| chemicals made by plants that are poisonous, irritating, or bad-tasting |
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Definition
| not-so-abundant species, yet exerts strong control on the structure of a community |
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Term
| when one organism is harmed (but not killed immediately) and the other benefits |
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Definition
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| both species benefit from this symbiotic relationship |
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Definition
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Definition
| one species benefits and the other is unaffected |
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Term
| Competitive Evolution Principle |
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Definition
| no 2 species can have the same niche in the same habitate at the same time |
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Term
| Change in anatomy that results when 2 species compete for the same resource |
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Definition
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| similar species using only part of an available resource |
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Definition
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Term
| List the steps of the food chain |
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Definition
1- producer
2- primary consumer
3- secondary consumer
4- decomposer |
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Term
| the 2 reasons energy is lost in transfer to higher levels of the food web |
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Definition
1- each organism uses some of the energy present in its food in order to live
2- no transfer is 100% efficient due to loss of heat energy |
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Term
| __% of energy is lost on transfer to each trophic level. |
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Definition
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| size of schuylkill river watershed |
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Definition
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| path of water in schuylkill river |
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Definition
| tuscarora springe, schuylkill, delaware river, delaware bay, atlantic |
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Term
| list the 4 major problems facing watersheds |
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Definition
1- industrial waste
2- agricultural runoff
3- mine drainage
4- urban runoff |
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| Chester County is most problematic in what area? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Avg. depth * width * velocity * .8 = Volume |
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