Term
|
Definition
| organisms get energy from other orgaisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
organisms that make their own food
plants use energy from the sun to make food. this is a hypothesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
herbivors-eat plants
carnivors-eat animals
omnivors-eats plants and animals
decompers-break down organic matters |
|
|
Term
| enrgy flow in a ecosystem |
|
Definition
energy flows in one direction
energy stored by producers is past in a food chain to consumers
sun-land-meat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
more complex than a food chain
network of interactions
links all the food chains in an eco systems together |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their enviroments
-example --a bee and a wasp
-example--a a bee and flowers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
largest of all of natures houses
made up of parts of the entire planet
includes:land,water,and the air atmosphere
interactions in this house make a web of independance between organisms and the enviroment they live in |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-species
-populations
-communities
-ecosystem
-biome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a group of organisms so similar to each other they can breed
-examples dogs,cats,frogs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| groups of individuals that belong to the same species in the same area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| different populations that live together in a defined area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a collection of all the organisms living in a definate place with their non- living enivroment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar communities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy is needed to power everything in life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is the main energy source of life on earth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*used to represent energy or matter in an ecosystem
*each level of a food chain or food web is called a **trophic level** |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* shows the amount of energy available at each traffic level.
* only 10% of the energy available within a trophic level is moved to organisms at the next trophic level.
*this small % shows how small the amount left is at the top |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bottom of pyramid is the producers, the next one up is the first consumer, the next one up is the second consumer, the top one is the third consumer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*biomass means the total amount of living tissue within a trophic level
*this pyramid shows how much potential food is available for each trophic level of an ecosystem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*this pyramid shows the relative number of individual organisms at eachy trophic level
*a single tree in this pyramid represents only one organism |
|
|
Term
| recycling in the biosphere |
|
Definition
*remember, energy moves one-way in an ecosystem
*matter in an ecosystem is recycled within the system or between the systems
*matter is not used up it is charged
example: a molecule makes up a plant, an animal eats the plant,another eats the first animal and is digested into the system
*the original molecules never leaves it gets charged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*all living things need water
*water moves between the ocean,air, and land in different forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*the atmosphere contains water molecules in the form of vapor
*the process of water changing from a liquid to vapor is evaporation
* example: water evaporates from the ocean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| *water enters the atmosphere by evaporating from leaves |
|
|
Term
| how are evaproation and transportation related? |
|
Definition
| eveporation is part of transportation |
|
|
Term
| how are evaproation and transportation related? |
|
Definition
| eveporation is part of transportation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| water covers 3/4 of the earths surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*takes a liquid form in most places on earth
*floats when it is in solid ice form
*water is the most abundent compound in most living things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*takes a liquid form in most places on earth
*floats when it is in solid ice form
*water is the most abundent compound in most living things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
*takes a liquid form in most places on earth
*floats when it is in solid ice form
*water is the most abundent compound in most living things |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| water molecules tend to stick together. this is why insects can walk on water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adhesion water molecules tend to stick to other substances, this is why a "smile" is fromed by the water in a graduated cylinder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| *nutrients are the chemicles an organisms need to stay alive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| these are the bodies chemicle "building blocks" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nutrients are passed between organisms and recycled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
* carbon has many jobs it is a main part of living tisues
* found in skeletons and rocks,for
example: carbon dioxide is a key part of the atmosphere |
|
|
Term
| the carbon cycle 4 main processes move carbon |
|
Definition
1.biological, process, like photosynthesis, respiration
2.geochemicle processes, like erosion and volcanic activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fossile fuels were formed many hundreds of millionsof years ago beforethe dinosaurs.(hense the name fossile fuels.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The age they were formed is called the "carboniferous" period.It was part of the Paleozoic Era. "Carboniferous" gets its name from carbon,the basic element in coal and other fossile fuels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The carboniferous period occured from about 360 to 286 million years ago. At the time, the land was covered with swamps filled with huge trees,ferns, and other large leafy plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| some deposites of coal can be found during the time of the dinosaurs. for example, thin carbon layerscan be found during the late certaceous period. 965 million years ago). the time oftyrannosaurus rex. but the main deposite of fossile fuels are from the carbon ferous period. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as the trees and plants died,they sank to the bottomof the swamps of oceans. they formed layers of spongy material called peat. over many hundreds of years the peat was covered by sand and clay and other minerals, which turned into a type of rock piled on top of rock called sedimentary. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| more and more rock pileed on top of more rock, and it weighed more and more. it began to press down on the peat.the peat was squeezed and squeezed until the water came out of it and it eventually over millions of yearsit turned into coal. |
|
|
Term
| How oil and natural gas forms? |
|
Definition
| oil and natural gas were formed more than million years ago. some scientists say that tiny *diatoms* are sea creatures the size of a pin head. they do one thing just like plants, they can convert sunlight directly stored energy. |
|
|
Term
| How oil and natural gas formed? |
|
Definition
in the graphic below as the diatomsdied they fell to the sea floor(1) here they were burried under sediment rock and other rock.
(2) |
|
|
