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| The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their enviroment, or surroundings. |
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| Contains the combined portions of the planet in which all of life exists, including land,water, and air, atmosphere. |
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| A group of orgnisms so simlar to the one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring. |
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| Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area. |
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| Assemblages of different populations that live together in a defined area. |
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| A collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place, together with their nonliving, or physical, environment. |
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| A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar dominant communities. |
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| Plants, some algae, and certain bacteria can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use that energy to produce food. |
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| Capture energy from sunlight or from chemicals to produce their food. |
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| process by which plants and some other organismsuse light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugar and starches. |
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| Organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates. |
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| Organisms that reply on other organisms for their energy and food supply. |
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| Organisms that eat another organisms. |
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| Obtain energy by eating only plants. |
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| Obtain energy by eating other animals. |
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| Obtain energy by eating both plants and animals. |
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| Feed on plant and animal remains and other dead matter. |
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| breaks down organic matter. |
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| a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eating. |
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| Feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem form a network of complex interactions. |
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| Each step in a food chain or food web. |
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| A diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web. |
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| The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level. |
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| Elements, chemical compounds, and other form one part of the biosphere to another. |
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| Water changes from liquid form to an atmospheric gas. |
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| Water enter the atmosphere by evaportion from the leaves of plants. |
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| All the chemical subtances that an organism needs to sustain life. |
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| bacteria, which live in the soil and on the roots of plants called legumes, convert nitrogen gas into ammonia. |
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| other soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas. |
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| the rate at which organic matter is created by producer. |
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| ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient that is scarce or cycle very slowly. |
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