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| Movement of water between atmosphere and Earth by way of precipitation and evaporation. |
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| The capture of rainwater by vegetation, from which the water evaporates and does not reach the ground. |
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| Downward movement of water into the soil. |
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| Water flowing over the surface of the ground when the underlying soil is saturated. |
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| Water that occurs below Earth's surface in pore spaces within bedrock and soil, free to move under the influence of gravity. |
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| Loss of water vapor from soil or open water or another exposed surface. |
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| Loss of water vapor from a plant to the outside atmosphere. |
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| Sum of the loss of moisture by evaporation from land and water surfaces and by transpiration from plants. |
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| Amount of energy that must be added or removed to raise or lower the temperature of a substance by a specific amount. |
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| The ability of water molecules, because of hydrogen bonding, to stick firmly to each other, restricting external forces to break these bonds. |
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| Property of a fluid that resists the force that causes it to flow. |
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| A measure of the total quantity of dissolved substances in water in parts per thousand (0/00) by weight. |
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| Layer in a thermally stratified body of water in which temperature changes rapidly relative to the remainder of the body. |
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| In oceans and large lakes, a water current or movement of surface waters produced by wind that brings nutrient-loaded colder water to the surface; in open oceans, regions where surface currents diverge deep waters, which rise to the surface to replace departing waters. |
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| A tide of greater than mean range that occurs every two weeks, when the Moon is full or new; maximum spring tides occur when Sun and Moon are in the same plane as Earth. |
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| Tide of small range that occurs at the first and last quarters of the moon when Earth, Moon and Sun are at right angles. |
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| A partially enclosed embayment where freshwater and seawater meet and mix. |
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