Term
| Ways to control noxious weeds |
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Definition
Pull
Mow
Spray with hot water
Spray with soapy water
Cover (sterilizes)
Brurning
Goats
Herbicides |
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Term
|
Definition
Doesn't stay where you put it
Breed |
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Term
|
Definition
Invasive species: takes over native plants. Ex: Russian Thistle, tumble weed
Introduced species: Beneficial. Ex: Corn, rice
Noxious species: Live stock won't/can't eat. Ex: Kochia
Adaptive species: Can live in wide variety of conditions (best for design). Ex: Miner's Candle, Milkweed
Natvie species: Occur naturally in area
Weed: Any plant anywherer you don't want it |
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Term
|
Definition
| Piece of property someone knows or suspects has contaminants (Doesn't have to be industrial) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Attraction to the living world |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| 3 Considerations when designing nature for children |
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Definition
Exploration
Change
Wildlife |
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Term
|
Definition
Conserve water
Survive without much maintenance
Give "sense of place"
Not invasive
Required by law sometimes
Provide food and shelter for wildlife
Increase biodiversity |
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Term
| Challenges to growing native plants |
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Definition
Lack availability
Don't thrive under traditional gardening practices
Not appreciated
Lack of knowledgeable people |
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Term
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Definition
Higher short-term and mid-term memory abilities
Less ADD+ADHD
Drop in bad behavior in school
Kids played outside |
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Term
|
Definition
1. First in time, first in right
2. Use it or lose it
3. Private property |
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Term
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Definition
| Conserve --> Reuse --> Supply |
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Term
| New supply of water: How? |
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Definition
Enlarge Gross Reservoir
Build new reservoir
Increase useage of reusable water
Agricultural water
Some combination |
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Term
| Problem with treating wastewater |
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Definition
| Too many nutrients and too much salinity for watering trees |
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Term
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Definition
| Populations interacting withing an ecosystem |
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Term
|
Definition
Subalpine
Upper Montane
Lower Montane
Grassland
Streamside |
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Term
|
Definition
Ecosystem
Landscape
Region
Biosphere |
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Term
|
Definition
Clockwise northern hemisphere
Counterclockwise southern hemishpere |
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Term
|
Definition
Cold year-round temps
Permafrost
Low light |
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Term
|
Definition
No permafrost
Greater sunlight
Dry conditions
Soil very thin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
What can environment actually support without degrading
Point that birth rates balance death rates |
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Term
|
Definition
Abiotic: Stomrs, flooding, volcanoes
Biotic: Insects, pathogens
Combination: Fire, pollution |
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Term
|
Definition
| Typically vegetated are along waterways |
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Term
|
Definition
Shade to cool
Habitat
Absorb water and material including contaminants
Visually pleasing |
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Term
| Factors influencing erosion |
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Definition
Vegetation (cover density)
Soil type (texture)
Slope size (Steepness and length)
Frequency and intensity of rainfall (Rainfall erosion indices) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Loss of productive land due to drought and human activities |
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Term
| Causes of desertification |
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Definition
Poor agricultural practices
Poor government management
Drought conditions
Highly variable nature of climate and environmental conditions on semi-arid environments |
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Term
|
Definition
Clay
Silt
Sand
Humus-organic
+Loam = equal parts of above four |
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Term
|
Definition
O Horizon: Organic layer
A Horizon: Humus and mineral - Topsoil/primary root layer
B Horizon: Sub-soil - Deep roots, mostly mineral soil
C Horizon: Parent Material
Bedrock |
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Term
|
Definition
| Warm air collides with cool air and rises. As it rises, it cools and clouds then rain can form. |
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Term
|
Definition
Pushes under the existing
warm air and can cause thunderheads |
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Term
| Properties of Populations |
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Definition
• Age structure
• Density (and dispersion): crude v. ecological
• Distribution (spatial / temporal)
• Reponses to competition and predation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| State improvement plans (SIPs) |
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Definition
Stationary sources (siting and permitting emissions)
Mobile sources (Maintenance and inspection programs) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hot, sunny weather pollutant |
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Term
|
Definition
-Ozone
-Carbon Monoxide
-Particulate matter
-Sulfer dioxide
-Nitrogen dioxide
-Lead |
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Term
|
Definition
pH
Temp
Turbidity
Dissolved Oxygen
Biological Oxygen
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Fecal Coliform |
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Term
| Transportation related air pollutants |
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Definition
Photochemical smog (NOx+VOCs=Ozone)
Particulate matter (2.5 + 10)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Global warming (CO2) |
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Term
|
Definition
Turbidity
Pollution
Cutting trees along riverbanks
Vegetation in summer |
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Term
|
Definition
Rates of growth and photosynthesis
Dissolved oxygen levels |
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Term
| Factors affecting runoffs |
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Definition
Slope of land
Type of soil
Vegetative cover
Impervious cover |
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Term
|
Definition
Remove gas program
Street sweeping
Woodburning program
Stationary source limits |
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Term
|
Definition
Natural sources
Mobile sources
Stationary sources
Indoor air sources |
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Term
|
Definition
Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Particulate matter (PM-10)
Ground level ozone (O3) produced from NOx+VOCs (Summer time smog)
Toxic chemicals
Carbon dioxide (CO2) |
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Term
|
Definition
Most common element in world
Found in all living organisms
Acts as nutrient in water system = excessive plant growth
Source: Fertilizer, animal waste, faulty septic system |
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Term
|
Definition
Bacteria found in gut of warm-blooded animals
Higher counts = raw sewage present
E. Coli
Source: Untreated sewage, poorly maintained septics, pet waste, wild animals, livestock |
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Term
|
Definition
Blocks sunshine and reduces productivity
Interferes with animal repiration and reproduction |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Added through water movement
Clean water has higher DO
Low temp holds higher DO |
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Term
| Recharge of aquifers depends on: |
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Definition
Texture and composition of soil
Underlying strata of soil
Septh of water table
Amount of vegetation cover
Impervious layer |
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Term
|
Definition
Pumping
Springs
Artesian wells |
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Term
| Factors affecting watershed water supply |
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Definition
Location
Size
Annual precipitation
Variations of microclimates |
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Term
|
Definition
Naturally occuring mineral in plants and animals
Used as plant nutrition/supplement
Excess = Plant (esp. Algae) go up. When they die, it kills all fish and insects
Source: Poorly treated sewage, industrial waste, fertilizers |
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Term
|
Definition
Warming
Pollution
Waste products
=High levels of decomposers |
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Term
|
Definition
Channel precipitation
Ground water
Inter flow
Over flow |
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Term
|
Definition
Motor vehicles
Power plants
Wood burning |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Radon
Bldg materials
Pesticides |
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Term
| Transportation related design sollutions |
|
Definition
Reduce auto travel, mixed use, lot size, density
Interconnected pedestrian and bicycle paths
Urban boundaries
Parking controls |
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Term
| Landscape design sollutions |
|
Definition
Ped and Bike paths
Parks, open space, and rec. facilities to encourage non-auto travel |
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Term
|
Definition
| Clarity of water due to floating particles in water collumn |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sewage treatment plants and industrial plants |
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Term
|
Definition
Runoff of fertilizer
Animal waste |
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Term
|
Definition
Oxygen depleted areas
From excess nutrients dying and decomposers using oxygen |
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Term
|
Definition
| High decomposer activity (direct measure of health of stream) |
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Term
| Where on pH scale do most organisms occur? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Already used in washing, sinks, etc. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
70% street sand, soil, road dust
15% woodburning emissions
6-7% non-identified
The rest: Amonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, modile source tailpipe emissions |
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Term
| Environmental Problems in China |
|
Definition
Water
Land
Desertification
Urban Environment |
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|
Term
| Building design sollutions |
|
Definition
Transit and pedestian oriented
Mixed use
Minimize Parking |
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Term
|
Definition
Ventilation
Radon system
Low emissions building materials
Education in schools and homes
EPA tools for schools |
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Term
| Current challenges in China |
|
Definition
Lack of public participation
Limited enforcement
Conflicts of interest of regulatory agencies |
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Term
| Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) |
|
Definition
| The amount of oxygen consumed by microorganisms decomposing organic matter |
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Term
| Indoor air pollutant sources |
|
Definition
Building materials and furnishings
Maintenance products
Office equipment
Microbiological contamination
Outdoor air pollution
Soil gases (radon)
Occupants |
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Term
|
Definition
| Odorless, colorless gas produced from breakdown of uranium 238 in soil and rocks |
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Term
|
Definition
Little shore vegetation
Steeply sloping shorelines
Sparce fish population (profundal zone)
Narrow littoral zone
Low nutrients and plankton |
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Term
|
Definition
Much shore vegetation
Gently sloping shorelines
Dense fish population (Limnetic zone)
High concentration of nutrients and plankton
Wide littoral zone |
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Term
|
Definition
Much shore vegetation
Gently sloping shorelines
Dense fish population (Limnetic zone)
High concentration of nutrients and plankton
Wide littoral zone |
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Term
|
Definition
| Area where water from rain concentrates |
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Term
| Indoor air quality (definition) |
|
Definition
| Temperature, humidity, ventilation and chemical or biological contaminants of the air inside a building |
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