Shared Flashcard Set

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Ecological Contexts
Test 2
37
Other
Undergraduate 2
10/31/2009

Additional Other Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Perception
Definition

   Is the process of meaningfully organizing sensations, or the process of how we assemble sensations into usable “picture or model of the world.

Term
Perceiving
Definition
is and active process of interpreting and giving meaning to the environment.
Term
Assimilation
Definition

o   is the process whereby the mind receives info input from the environment in terms of existing knowledge, already familiar patterns and what Is known.

o   Taking in input and transforming the input in terms of the person.

o   They take the information and identify it and put it in an existing category.

Term

  Accommodation-

Definition

is the complementary process by which the environment influences the organism and prompts the mind to change its internal functioning in terms of the external world.

o    create a new category.

 

Term
Cognitive maps
Definition
are images about an area or an environment developed by an individual on the basis of info or impressions which an individual receives, interprets, codes, and stores.
Term

o   Field Dependence.

Definition
persons are highly sensitive to environment and rely on others for guidance.
Term

o   Field Independent-

Definition
People are highly sensitive to stimuli from their own bodies, irrespective of outside stimuli. They see them selves as highly differentiated from their environments, and tend to remain independent of it. They are active in there life.  
Term

o   How do we attach meaning to our experiences?

 

Definition

o   Selection- intensity, repetition, & motivation

o   Organization- Arrange data in a meaningful way/ age of the perceiver.

o   Interpretation-Past experiences, Assumptions about human behavior, Expectations, Knowledge, Personal moods

Term

o   Physiological Influences on perception-

Definition
  • Taste, Odor, Temperature, Touch, Vision, Loudness, Gender, Other
Term
Maslow’s Hierarchy
Definition

1) physiological needs

2)safety

3)belonging and love needs

4)esteem needs

5) self actulization

Term

o   Gender differences-Found in perceptual style.

Definition

o   Cultural emphasis on females being sensitive to the needs of others. People oriented rather than task or achievement oriented. Women are more dependent on internal cues for decision making less assertive then men.

Term

·         Space

Definition
 is the three dimensional expanse in which events, actions, and processes occur in which energy and matter exists.
Term

o   Territoriality- 

Definition
is the emotional attachment to and the defense of home ground
Term

o   Personal domain

Definition

the zone of privacy and and separation from others our culture or physical circumstances require or permit.

Term

o   Activity space-

Definition
 Area within which we move freely during our daily activities.
Term

o   Awareness space-

Definition

knowledge of opportunity locations beyond normal activity space, is minimal, distorted, or even absent.  Ex. Low income can restrict an inner city child from opportunities therefore reinforce limitations on activity space.

 

Term

o   Fixed space- .

Definition
refers to physical space organized by unmoving boundaries, such as walls in a room or even unmarked boundaries understood by those who use them. Unmarked are psychological boundaries
Term

o   Semi- fixed- .

Definition
refers to flexible space created by the arrangement of furniture and other movable
Term

o   Informal Space-

Definition
refers to the way people handle then individual or spatial needs that vary according to situation.
Term

·         Privacy

Definition
Is viewed as the “claims of individuals, or groups, or insitiutions to determine for themselves when, how, and to what extent information about them is communicated to others.”
Term

·         Clocking-

Definition
 refers to the daily use of time, regulates order, frequency, length, and pace of events
Term

·         Synchronization-.

Definition
the process of maintaining a progeam for regulating the overall day to day life of a family, is an additional aspect of time that affects individuals within families.
Term

·         Generational alliance-

Definition
refers to the connections and boundaries that occur when two or more individuals become unusually close and align themselves as a unit or subsystem within a family.
Term

·         Top time wasters-

Definition

1) interruptions 2) procrastination 3) shifting priorities or the focus of a project 4) poor planning 5) waiting to gather additional information.

 

Term

o   Valuing

Definition

o   Valuing- is the process by which info, resources, and energy are selected, ordered by importance, or assigned priority in terms of value. Rank, ordering, or prioritizing.

Term

o   Values- .

Definition
The ideas we have of right and wrong. The beliefs and attitudes of the way we believe things should be
Term

o   Value orientation- : 

Definition
An internally integrated value system
Term

·         2 kinds of values

Definition

Instrumental--modes of conduct

o   Terminal--ends or goals

Term

·         Characteristics of values

 

Definition
  • They shape decisions & serve as criteria for decision-making.
  • They are internalized from the environment
  • They are prioritized (especially when conflict occurs between 2 values)
  • They may produce guilt, if actions are incongruent  with values

o   They are a link with the social environment, influencing the reciprocal interaction of people & the systems in which they interact.

Term

·         Value clarification

 

Definition

Increase conscious awareness of values that guide behaviors

o   Assist in making choices

o   Foster personal & professional growth

o   Provide insight into own value system, which helps in understanding others

Provide direction for interventions

Term

·         3 types of values

Definition

  Personal- “character” or the manner in which an individual copes with everyday  living by applying one’s belief and values.

o   Moral- gives a sense of right and wrong.

o   Social- relationship with others.

Term

·         Paradigm shift-  

 

Definition

 a fundamental reordering of the way we see the world around us.

 

 

 

 

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