Term
Match the Research Field to its Study Design:
A. Therapy
B. Diagnosis
C. Screening
D. Prognosis
E. Causation
1. Cohort Study
2. Case-control study
3. Randomized controlled trial
4. Cross-Sectional Survey |
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Definition
A. Therapy - 3. Randomized controlled trial
B. Diagnosis - 4. Cross-sectional Survey
C. Screening - 4. Cross-sectional Survey
D. Prognosis - 1. Cohort Study
E. Causation - 2. Case-control study/1. Cohort study |
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Term
| What are the three ways you could search on PubMed to find randomized control trials about allergic rhinitis? |
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Definition
- Go to Clinical Queries, search "allergic rhinitis perennial" and click on "Therapy
OR
Search "allergic rhinitis perennial" AND clinical trial [pt]
OR
Search "allergic rhinitis perennial", go to Limits and select type of article "Clinical Trial" |
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Term
| What are True Positives (TP) in relation to test and study results? |
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Definition
Test- TP's are people with disease who test positive.
Study- results conclude there is a difference and in reality a difference does exist |
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Term
| What are False Negatives (FP) in relation to test and study results? |
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Definition
Test- People with disease who test negative
Study- results conclude there is no difference but in reality there is one.
~ Representive of Type II or beta error |
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Term
| What are False Positives (FP) in relation to test and study results? |
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Definition
Test- FP's are people without the disease who test positive.
Study- results conclude there is a difference but in reality no difference exists.
~Representative of Type I or alpha error |
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Term
| What are True Negatives (TN) in relation to test and study results? |
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Definition
Test- TN's are people without disease who test negative.
Study- results conclude there is no difference and in reality no difference exists |
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Term
| A "negative" study using absolute risk with a largest benefit of clinical significance at 8% and a confidence interval (CI) of 1-6% allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Definitely Negative"
-because the CI lies completely below the largest benefit of clinical significance. |
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Term
| A "negative" study using absolute risk with a largest benefit of clinical significance at 5% and a confidence interval (CI) of 1-6% allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Further Studies Required"
-because the upper limit of the CI lies above the largest benefit of clinical significance. This means that due to chance a benefit could occur and you cannot definitively rule out the subject of the study (treatment). |
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Term
| A "positive" study using absolute risk with a smallest benefit of clinical significance at 5% and a confidence interval (CI) of 10-16% allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Definitively Positive"
-because the lower limit of the CI lies above the smallest benefit of clinical significance. |
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Term
| A "positive" study using absolute risk with a smallest benefit of clinical significance at 5% and a confidence interval (CI) of 4-12% allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Further Studies Required"
-because the lower limit of the CI lies above the smallest benefit of clinical significance. This means that due to chance no benefit would occur and you cannot definitively use the subject of the study (treatment). |
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Term
| A "negative" study using relative risk with a smallest benefit of clinical significance at 0.08 and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.06-0.11 allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Further Studies Required"
-because the lower limit of the CI lies below the smallest benefit of clinical significance. This means that due to chance a benefit could occur and you cannot definitively rule out the subject of the study (treatment). |
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Term
A "negative" study using relative risk with a smallest benefit of clinical significance at 0.08 and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.10-0.15 allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Definitely Negative"
-because the CI lies completely above the smallest benefit of clinical significance.
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Term
A "positive" study using relative risk with a largest benefit of clinical significance at 0.08 and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.04-0.09 allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Further Studies Required"
-because the upper limit of the CI lies above the largest benefit of clinical significance. This means that due to chance harm could occur and you cannot definitively use the subject of the study (treatment). |
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Term
A "positive" study using relative risk with a largest benefit of clinical significance at 0.08 and a confidence interval (CI) of 0.02-0.07 allows you to conclude what about the study? |
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Definition
"Definitively Positive"
-because the upper limit of the CI lies below the largest benefit of clinical significance. |
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Term
| Does a p-value of 0.03 indicate that the study is positive or negative? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does a p-value of 0.12 indicate that the study is positive or negative? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is associated with the Null Hypothesis?
A. False Positive
B. False Negative
C. True Positive
D. True Negative |
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Definition
D. True Negative
- we can definitively accept the null hypothesis |
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Term
Which of the following is associated with the Alternative Hypothesis?
A. False Positive
B. False Negative
C. True Positive
D. True Negative |
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Definition
C. True Positive
-we can definitively reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis |
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Term
| What is one way to cut down on the amount of literature that one needs to go through? |
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Definition
You can eliminate review articles that do not have a methods section or state how the study was conducted. |
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