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| how many species of fungi |
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| there may be up to 1.5 million species of fungi |
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| because it is hard to tell them apart |
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| what is the study of fungi called? |
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| where did fungi diverge from |
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| about 1 billion years ago from the line leading to animals |
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| where did terrestrial fungi diverge from |
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| scientific name of aquatic fungi |
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| aquatic fungi came to be in |
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| what is poor for the fungi? |
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| why is the fossil record so small for fungi |
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| interest bias, most primitive forms very smaalll, and preservation bias |
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| Fungi used to classified in |
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| plants, they thought they were green plants that lost chlorophyll |
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| recent studies of fungi show |
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| they are closer related to animals |
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| fungis, animals and protists called choanflagellates form a monophyletic group called |
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| are named after flagellated cells they share in common, with one prosterior flagella |
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| are named after flagellated cells they share in common, with one prosterior flagella |
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| heterotrophs, parasites or saprobes |
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| what are saprobes (what fungi eat) |
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| organisms that get their nutrients from dead or decaying matter |
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| all fungal material digestion is extracellular |
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| fungal strands secrete digestive enzymes to dissolve its host |
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| how do fungi absorb their digested food |
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| directly through the cell walls |
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| many fungi species are predators |
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| they fire tiny missils at passing prey, stun prey with toxic chems, and enter as tightly wound coil only to expand to scramble interior of host |
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| John wayne of fungi. it captures tiny nematode worms in minture lassos, |
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| more often fungi are multicelled |
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| a tangle of tiny filaments called hypha |
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| the pattern of growth gives fungi |
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| enormous surface for digestion as they grow over, around, and through their food |
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| hyphae collectiviely called |
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| they form special reproductive structures that are characteristic of the different phyla |
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| dimorphic, they alternate between yeast and hyphae body types |
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| fungi have (what) similar to plants, bacteria and some protists |
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| the cell walls of fungi are made of |
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| mostly chitin, some polysaccharides |
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| diff. cells dont divide and nuclear membrane stays intact, itosis takes place entirely within nuclei |
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| this open architectual structure of fungi |
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| is why it can grow so quickly |
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| streams back and for quickly carrying nutrients to the growing tips of hyphae |
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| first hand got to see how quickly fungi could grow during katrina. |
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| diploid zygotes divide by meiosis to form |
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| when are the septae(cross walls) of fungi complete and not open |
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| when forming repro strucures, then they are sealed off at the tip |
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| each phyla of fungi has a |
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| characterisitic repro strucutre |
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| edible. (shitake and truffle mushrooms |
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| what food products are made with fungi |
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| fermented tofu, soy sauce and saki (rice wine) |
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| types of fungi serious agricultural pests |
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| cheese, bread, wine ,pizza beer |
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| yeast infection, ringworm (causaed by fungus), histoplasmosis (fungal infection of lung), fungal antibiotics (penicillin) pyuyschoactive drugs (psilocybin, ergot) |
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| scientific names for psycoactive drugs caued by fungi |
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| fungi and bacteria are together |
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| primary plant decomposers |
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| what gives wood stiffness |
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| only fungi can digest LIGNIN |
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| asexually by haploid spores (conidia) and sexually by fusion of nuclei (conjugation). there are no male or female fungi |
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| called strains, two strains extend a projection of their hyphae towards one another and they fuse at the tip |
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| fused structure of two hyphae |
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| reproductive process of fungi |
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| two nuclei in gametangium guse, diploid zygote undergoes meiosis to form haploid spores and the spores germinate into adult haplpid hyphae, |
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| large numbers, they are found in the sporangium, they are non-motile and spresad by wind, water and animals |
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| weird and interesting process of reproduction in fungi |
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| the two nuclei dont fuse right awyay, they exist die by side in each cellular compartment and divide sperperately by mitosis as the hyphae grow |
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| fungi with one nucleus in each cell |
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| fungi with two nucleus in each cell |
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| nuclei will eventually fuse together to form a zygote |
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