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Eastern Philosophy Vocab #2
Jainism, Sikhism, Buddhism
36
Philosophy
Undergraduate 2
04/03/2013

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Term
mahavira
Definition
founder of jainism, extreme asceticism (12 years traveling), "great hero", contemporary buddha
Term
ahimsa
Definition
a-himsa, himsa= violence; non-violence; animsa paramo dharma= non-violence as most important duty
Term
agama
Definition
jian scriptures or percepts; said to be beliefs of mahavira
Term
guru nanak
Definition
1st guru of 10 human; mystical revelation; Naam Japna; founder sikhism
Term
sikh
Definition
"disciple"; followers of sikhism, the 10 gurus, and a monotheistic god
Term
granth sahib
Definition
eternal textual guru, holy text of sikhism written in punjabi
Term
khalsa
Definition
saint-soldiers, initiates must have 5 K's, protectors of all religion
Term
gobind singh
Definition
final human guru, initiated the khalsa, 10th of 11 gurus;
Term
singh
Definition
Singh as a last name is mandatory for all baptized male Sikhs, originally by the Hindu Kshatriyas (warriors and kings), "lion"
Term
5 k's
Definition
sword (kirpan), hair, comb, shorts (under-garmnets of certain fabric), and bracelet, along with taking amrit is necesary to join khalsa
Term
Gurdwara
Definition
house of god in sikhism, all of equal importance because all contain holy text; granth sahib
Term
Siddhartha Gautama
Definition
Buddha, practiced asceticism until found middle path, raised by king, 4 passing sights, enlightened under bodhi tree, "enlightened one"
Term
four passing sights
Definition
old man, sick man, corpse, and sadhu (sannyasin) (practitioner of asceticism)
Term
bodhi tree
Definition
tree in which Siddhartha became "enlightened one", the buddha
Term
the middle way
Definition
not giving into sensual desires, while not ignoring one's NEEDS..... between living lavishly and practicing asceticism
Term
triple refuge
Definition
i take refuge in the buddhe, in the sangha, and in the dhamma
Term
Pali Canon
Definition
Based on dhamma of the buddha, written 400 years after the life of the buddha; ti pitaka (three baskets palin canon divided into)
Term
four noble truth
Definition
suffering (dukkha), craving (tanha), cessation (overcoming), and right view (overcoming suffering); talked about in the lotus sutra; conceptual framework for all buddhist thought
Term
right view
Definition
***
Term
cessation (over coming)
Definition
***
Term
dukkha
Definition
suffering, life is in state of dislocation, birth (not pain of birth) but being brought in this world is suffering... brought into world of sickness, death, pain, and unhappiness
Term
tanha
Definition
craving, produce renewal of lust and joy; attachment
Term
anatta
Definition
anatman; "no self"; removal from the aggregates, no "I" or "mine"; the five khandhas of living beings are "not-self", i.e. not "I" or "mine", but also that clinging to them as if they were "I" or "mine" gives rise to unhappiness; releasing from this world
Term
skandhas
Definition
the 5 aggregates; 5 elements that constitute human beings; not to be attached to or seen as "I" or "mine"; matter, sensation, perception, mental formations, and conciousness
Term
sangha
Definition
"assembly"; community of bhikkhu' ariya sangha= noble sangha
Term
bhikkhu
Definition
early followers of the buddha; "monk"; theravada buddhism
Term
theravada
Definition
the old path, way of the elders, orthodox in practice, "hinayana" the lesser of two path, "smaller vehicle"
Term
mahayana
Definition
"greater path/ vehicle"; encompasses cha'n (zen) and pure land buddhism; currently dominant; "greater raft"
Term
arhat
Definition
"perfected one"; some one fully dedicated to the buddhas dhamma; achieved nirvana
Term
boddhisattva
Definition
"enlightened-existence";originally the buddha before he became buddha (his path), any one dedicated to compassion, dedicated to following dhamma and reaching enlightenment
Term
zen buddhism
Definition
(ch'an in china), founded by bodhidharma, study AND practice, mind transmission to reach enlightenment (from master to practitioner)
Term
zazen
Definition
sitting meditation; do not think do not act and you will understand; aspect of zen buddhism inspired by daoism
Term
koan
Definition
perplexing question; meant to shock listener out of old beliefs and into realization; like a cold bucket of water pouring shocking listener awake
Term
sanzen
Definition
going to a roshi (master) to see if practicing buddhism correctly, see if you are going down the right path
Term
tibetan buddhism
Definition
dahli lama is a member, in tibet, inspired by zen buddhism, practitioners of transmission and realization
Term
tantra
Definition
supposed to help reach enlightenment in one lifetime through use of physical energy... sexual, excersize, etc...
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