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Definition
| deposit of very fine silt or dust that is laid down after having been windborne for a considerable distance; notable for its fertility under irrigation and its ability to stand in deep vertical walls |
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| refers to the mud, silt, and sand deposited by rivers and streams; adjoin many larger rivers; consist of these renewable deposits that are laid down during floods, creating fertile and productive soils |
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Definition
| distinctive natural landscape associated with the chemical erosion of soluble limestone rock |
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| 5 Forces of Gradation (Erosion) |
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Definition
- running water
- wind power (deserts and semi-arid places)
- moving ice/glaciers
- organisms – humans, ants, beavers
- gravity (force landslides, etc.) |
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Definition
- diastrophism
- vulcanism |
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| 5 Alluvial Plains of China |
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Definition
- Kanto Plain – surrounds Tokyo Bay; largest plain in Japan; 4% of the land area of the country with 30% of the people
- Yamato Plain
- Tainan Plain
- Nobi Plain
- North China Plain |
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Definition
- Honshu
- Hokkaido
- Kyushu
- Shikoku |
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| 4 economic regions of Japan |
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Definition
- Kanto Plain
- Kansai District
- Nobi Plain
- Kitakyushu |
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| 4 reasons Tibet is important |
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Definition
- oil
- passes in Himalaya Mountains (to India)
- headwaters of rivers
- Aksai Chin – communication access; level terrain for construction of a highway |
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Term
| 5 classes of Confucian Society |
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Definition
1. Scholars (to Confucius, merit meant everything)
2. Peasants (grew the food) → common
3. Artisans (people with technical skills) → people
4. Merchants (parasites) – took what peasants and artisans made and sold them for their great wealth; could corrupt society
5. Military – made up of convicts/bums |
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Definition
| plates are bonded portions of the Earth’s mantle and crust, averaging 60 miles in thickness; more than a dozen plates exist; they are in motion; where plates meet, one slides under the other, crumpling the surface crust and producing significant volcanic and earthquake activity; a major mountain building force |
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Definition
| slow movement of continents controlled by the processes associated with plate tectonics |
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Definition
| zone of crustal instability along tectonic plate boundaries marked by earthquakes and volcanic activity that ring the Pacific Ocean basin |
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Definition
| vast, singular landmass consisting of most of the areas of the present-day continents; this supercontinent began to break up more than 200 million years ago when still ongoing plate divergence and continental drift became dominant processes |
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Definition
| tidal wave; seismic (earthquake-generated) sea wave that can attain gigantic proportions and cause coastal devastation |
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Definition
| the geographic study of the configuration of the Earth’s solid surface – the world’s landscapes and their constituent landforms |
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Definition
| along eastern coast of Unites States; causes many volcanoes and earthquakes; point where Pacific and North American plate meet |
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Definition
| and oceanic plate converges head-on with a plate carrying a continental landmass at its leading edge; the lighter the continent plate overrides the denser oceanic plate and pushes it downward; parts of the earth flowing down to the |
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Definition
| measures severity of earthquakes |
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Definition
| vertical difference between the highest and lowest elevations within a particular areas |
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Definition
| a process in which a section of the earth's crust is folded and deformed by lateral compression to form a mountain range. |
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Definition
| forces that unite and bind a country together; such as a strong nation culture, shared ideological objectives, and a common faith |
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Definition
| planned techno-industrial complex (ex. California’s Silicon Valley) that innovates, promotes, and manufactures the products of the postindustrial informational economy |
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Definition
| the standard system of Romanized spelling for transliterating Chinese |
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Definition
| help build up surface of the earth; plateaus, hills, mountain chains |
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Definition
| forces in the mantle of the earth that can bend, fold, and break the rock layers of the earth |
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Definition
| term employed to designate forces that tend to divide a country; such as internal religious, linguistic, ethnic, or ideological differences |
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Definition
| a nationalist party founded in China under Sun Yat-sen in 1912, and led by Chiang Kai-shek from 1925. It held power from 1928 until the Communist Party took power in October 1949, and it subsequently formed the central administration of Taiwan |
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Term
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Definition
| political and military leader of China in the 20th Century |
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Definition
| the standard literary and official form of Chinese based on the Beijing dialect, spoken by over 730 million people : [as adj. ] Mandarin Chinese. |
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Definition
the capital of Taiwan, in the northern part of the country; pop. 2,718,000
- Kaohsiung – the chief port of Taiwan, on the southwestern coast; pop. 1,390,000 |
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Definition
| the chief port of Taiwan, on the southwestern coast; pop. 1,390,000 |
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Definition
| set of islands grouped closely together, usually elongated into chain |
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Definition
| comparatively narrow, finger-like stretch of land extending from the main landmass into the sea (ex. Florida, Korea) |
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Definition
| piece of land surrounded by water |
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Definition
| a barren plateau in southern Mongolia and northern China |
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Definition
| a desert in the Xinjiang autonomous region of northwestern China that lies between the Kunlun Shan and Tien Shan mountains and forms the greater part of the Tarim Basin |
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Definition
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Definition
| country or set of countries separating ideological or political adversaries |
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Term
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Definition
| a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent |
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Definition
| a place to dispose of refuse and other waste material by burying it and covering it over with soil, esp. as a method of filling in or extending usable land |
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Definition
| surrounds Tokyo Bay; largest plain in Japan; 4% of the land area of the country with 30% of the people and 23% of manufacturing; Kawasaki (motorcycles); Yokohama (port and ship building center); Yokosuka (US Naval base) |
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Definition
| a seaport in central Japan on Kanto Plain, on the southern side of the island of Honshu; pop. 3,220,000. It is a major port and the second largest city in Japan |
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Definition
| an industrial city in eastern Japan on Kanto Plain, on the southeastern coast of the island of Honshu; pop. 1,174,000; major industrial center for motorcycles |
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Definition
| US Naval Base on Kanto Plain |
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Definition
| the capital of Japan, located on the northwestern shores of Tokyo Bay, on the southeastern part of the island of Honshu; pop. 8,163,000. Formerly called Edo, it was the center of the military government under the shoguns 1603–1867. Renamed Tokyo in 1868, it replaced Kyoto as the imperial capital |
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Definition
| a port and commercial city in central Japan, on the island of Honshu; pop. 2,642,000 |
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Definition
| a port in central Japan, on the island of Honshu; pop. 1,477,000. The city was severely damaged by an earthquake in 1995 |
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Definition
| a city in central Japan, on the southern coast of the island of Honshu; pop. 2,155,000 |
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Definition
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Definition
| a city in southwestern Japan, on the southern coast of the island of Honshu; pop. 1,086,000. It was the target of the first atom bomb, which was dropped by the U.S. on August 6, 1945, and resulted in the deaths of about one third of the city's population of 300,000. This, with a second attack on Nagasaki three days later, led to Japan's surrender and to the end of World War II |
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Definition
| a city and port in southwestern Japan, on the western coast of Kyushu island; pop. 445,000. On August 9, 1945, it became the target of the second atom bomb dropped by the U.S |
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Definition
| a city in northern Japan, capital of the island of Hokkaido; pop. 1,672,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| connects Pacific Ocean to Sea of Japan |
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Definition
| a chain of 56 islands between the Sea of Okhotsk and the North Pacific Ocean, stretching from the southern tip of the Kamchatka peninsula to the northeastern corner of the Japanese island of Hokkaido. They are the subject of dispute between Russia and Japan |
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Definition
| a large Russian island in the Sea of Okhotsk, situated off the coast of eastern Russia and separated from it by the Tartar Strait; capital, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. From 1905 to 1946, it was divided into the northern part, held by Russia, and the southern part, occupied by Japan |
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Definition
| an industrial city in central Japan, on the island of Honshu; pop. 1,461,000. Founded in the 8th century, it was the imperial capital from 794 until 1868 |
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Definition
| on Yamato Plain; Osaka (major city); Kobe (port); 15% manufacturing |
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Term
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Definition
| Nagoya (major city) – headquarters of Nissan Motors; Chubu District; 15% manufacturing |
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Term
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Definition
| the period when Japan was ruled by the emperor Meiji Tenno, marked by the modernization and westernization of the country; revolution; capital moves from Kyoto to Tokyo; industrialize and modernize Japan; by 1905 Japan 6th most powerful nation, defeated Russians |
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Term
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Definition
| a member of an aboriginal people of Japan, physically distinct (with light skin color and round eyes) from the majority population; the language of this people, of unknown affinity; Caucasians, mainly hunters and gatherers, small numbers; 20,000 still live in Hokkaido |
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Term
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Definition
| a mountainous region that forms the northeastern portion of China and comprises the provinces of Jilin, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang. In 1932, it was declared an independent state by Japan and renamed Manchukuo; it was restored to China in 1945 |
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Term
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Definition
| a hereditary commander-in-chief in feudal Japan. Because of the military power concentrated in his hands and the consequent weakness of the nominal head of state (the mikado or emperor), the shogun was generally the real ruler of the country until feudalism was abolished in 1867; answers to emperor; military leader and commands Samurai |
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Term
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Definition
| religion of Japan; animistic religion; natural features are seen to be supernatural powers or holy features (waterfalls, volcanoes, rivers, lakes); Sun goddess protects Japan form all its enemies; Emperor is son of Sun goddess; worshiped as a god before WWII |
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Term
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Definition
| a member of a powerful military caste in feudal Japan, esp. a member of the class of military retainers of the daimyos; knights who fight on horses; carry swords and spears |
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Term
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Definition
| applies in Tokyo and San Andreas Fault (San Fransisco); should have big earthquake every 70 years to release tension and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| along Pacific Coast – biggest cities and most industrial development because they realize they have to trade – easiest from the coast |
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Term
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Definition
| on the Sea of Japan; no great cities; Sapporo – 1 million people; only big city not on Front Japan |
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Definition
| on Honshu; leading industrial on Japanese Sea coast |
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Definition
| 45-55% of Japan’s population and 75-80% of heavy industry |
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Term
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Definition
| use of a river segment or an artificial pond for raising and harvesting food products, including fish, shellfish, and seaweed (esp. Japan) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| the capital of South Korea, located in the northwestern part of the country, on the Han River; pop. 10,628,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| demilitarized zone, an area from which warring parties agree to remove their military forces |
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Definition
| largest port city in South Korea |
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Definition
| the capital of North Korea; pop. 2,000,000; oldest city on Korean Peninsula |
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Definition
| boundary between Russian forces and America |
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Term
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Definition
| (1912–94), Korean communist statesman; first premier of North Korea 1948–72 and president 1972–94; precipitated the Korean War 1950–53; maintained a one-party state; 1950 – invaded South Korea; Armistice 1953; moved to North and captured Pyongyang; becomes leader and invests in creating missiles, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| a city in southwestern South Korea; pop. 1,145,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| an industrial port on the southern coast of South Korea; pop. 683,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| ships and autos in South Korea |
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Term
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Definition
| bullet trains (over 200 miles per hour) – connecting Seoul with Kyongsan and Cholla |
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Term
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Definition
| a port on the western coast of South Korea, on the Yellow Sea, near Seoul; pop. 1,818,000. It was the site of a successful invasion by U.S. troops in 1950 that enabled them to return Seoul to South Korea |
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Term
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Definition
| (in South Korea) a large business conglomerate, typically a family-owned one |
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Term
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Definition
| a port in southern Japan, on the northern coast of Kyushu island; pop. 1,026,000; Yawata Steel (in Yawata); only coal mines in Japan; 12% manufacturing |
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Term
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Definition
| a mountainous region that forms the northeastern portion of China and comprises the provinces of Jilin, Liaoning, and Heilongjiang. In 1932, it was declared an independent state by Japan and renamed Manchukuo; it was restored to China in 1945 |
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Term
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Definition
| Special Economic Zone; ex. South Korea |
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Definition
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Definition
| a city on the eastern coast of China, a port on the estuary of the Yangtze River; pop. 7,780,000. Until World War II, Shanghai contained areas of British, French, and American settlement. It was the site in 1921 of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party |
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Term
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Definition
| the capital of China, in the northeastern part of the country; pop. 6,920,000. It became the country's capital in 1421, at the start of the Ming period, and survived as the capital of the Republic of China after the revolution of 1912 |
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Definition
| a former British dependency on the southeastern coast of China that was returned to China in 1997; pop. 6,850,000; one of the world's major financial and manufacturing centers |
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Term
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Definition
| a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of the People’s Republic, formerly a Portuguese dependency, on the southeastern coast of China; pop. 467,000; capital, Macao City; developed by the Portuguese as a trading post and became the chief center of trade between Europe and China in the 18th century |
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Definition
| small but extremely wealthy area |
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Definition
| a province in west central China; capital, Chengdu |
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Definition
| a city in Sichuan province, in central China, on the Yangtze River; pop. 2,960,000. It was the capital of China from 1938 to 1946 |
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Definition
| a city in northeastern China; pop. 4,500,000; capital of the province of Liaoning |
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Term
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Definition
| a city in northeastern China, the capital of Heilongjiang province, on the Songhua River; pop. 3,597,000 |
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Definition
| a city in southern China, the capital of Guangdong province; pop. 3,918,000. It is the leading industrial and commercial center of southern China |
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Term
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Definition
| river in southern China that flows from Guangzhou (Canton) south to the South China Sea and forms part of the delta of the Xi River; lower reaches widen to form the Pearl River estuary, an inlet between Hong Kong and Macau |
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Term
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Definition
| people of Chinese birth/descent living outside territories |
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Term
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Definition
| a country in Southeast Asia; capital, Singapore City; established as a trading post under the East India Company in 1819, the most important commercial center and naval base in Southeast Asia |
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Term
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Definition
| a province in northwestern central China, between Mongolia and Tibet; capital, Lanzhou. This narrow, mountainous province forms a corridor through which the Silk Road passed |
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Definition
| a country in Southeast Asia; pop. 23,522,000; capital, Kuala Lumpur |
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Definition
| the spiritual head of Tibetan Buddhism and, until the establishment of Chinese communist rule, the spiritual and temporal ruler of Tibet; each Dalai Lama is believed to be the reincarnation of the bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara, reappearing in a child when the incumbent Dalai Lama dies; the present Dalai Lama, the fourteenth incarnation, escaped to India in 1959 following the invasion of Tibet by the Chinese |
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Term
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Definition
| (1893–1976), Chinese statesman; chairman of the Communist Party of the Chinese People's Republic 1949–76; head of state 1949–59. A cofounder of the Chinese Communist Party in 1921 and its effective leader from the time of the Long March (1934–35), he eventually defeated both the occupying Japanese and rival Kuomintang nationalist forces to create the People's Republic of China in 1949 |
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Definition
in North Xinjiang; sit of worst fire in Chinese history (324 dead)
- Urumqi – the capital of Xinjiang autonomous region in northwestern China; pop. 1,110,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| the capital of Tibet; pop. 140,000. It is situated in the northern Himalayas at an altitude of c. 11,800 feet (3,600 m) on a tributary of the Brahmaputra River. Known as the Forbidden City until the 20th century because it was closed to foreign visitors, it was the seat of the Dalai Lama until 1959 |
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Term
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Definition
| a mountainous region in Asia on the northern side of the Himalayas, since 1965 forming an autonomous region in the west of China; pop. 2,196,000; ruled by Buddhist lamas since the 7th century, it was conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century and the Manchus in the 18th; China extended its authority over Tibet in 1951 but gained full control only after crushing a revolt in 1959, during which the country's spiritual leader, the Dalai Lama, escaped to India |
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Term
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Definition
| an autonomous region in northwestern China, on the border with Mongolia and Kazakhstan; pop. 15,170,000; capital, Urumqi. A remote mountainous region, it includes the Tien Shan and Kunlun Shan mountains, the Taklimakan Desert, and the arid Tarim Basin |
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Term
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Definition
| a city in northern China, on the upper Yellow River, capital of Gansu province; pop. 1,480,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| the channel between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra, an important sea passage linking the Indian Ocean to the South China Sea; ports of Melaka and Singapore lie on this strait |
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Term
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Definition
| a river in northeastern China that rises in Inner Mongolia and flows about 900 miles (1,450 km) east and then south to the Gulf of Liaodong at the head of the Gulf of Bo Hai |
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Term
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Definition
| the principal river in China. It rises as the Jinsha in the Tibetan highlands and flows south and then east for 3,964 miles (6,380 km) through central China before it enters the East China Sea at Shanghai; also called Yangtze |
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Term
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Definition
| a vast mountain system in southern Asia that extends for 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from Kashmir east to Assam. The Himalayas consist of a series of parallel ranges that rise up from the Ganges River basin to the Tibetan plateau. The backbone is the Great Himalayan Range, the highest mountain range in the world, with several peaks rising to over 25,000 feet (7,700 m), the highest being Mount Everest |
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Definition
| a region of the Himalayas occupied by China since 1950, but claimed by India as part of Kashmir |
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Term
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Definition
| the capital of Sichuan province in western central China; pop. 2,780,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| plateaus formed by the very fine silt or dust that is laid down after being windborne for a considerable distance; notable for fertility under irrigation and ability to stand in deep fertile walls |
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Term
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Definition
| separates southern Bo Hai from the Yellow Sea |
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Term
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Definition
| a primate of a family (Hominidae) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors |
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Term
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Definition
| the second largest river in China. It rises in the mountains of western central China and flows for more than 3,000 miles (4,830 km) in a huge semicircle before it enters Bo Hai, an inlet of the Yellow Sea |
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Term
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Definition
| Inner China; mostly Han Chinese |
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Term
| Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution |
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Definition
| a political upheaval in China 1966–68 intended to bring about a return to revolutionary Maoist beliefs. Largely carried forward by the Red Guard, it resulted in attacks on intellectuals, a large-scale purge in party posts, and the appearance of a personality cult around Mao Zedong. It led to considerable economic dislocation and was gradually brought to a halt by premier Zhou Enlai |
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Definition
| historical China or its eighteen inner provinces. |
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Term
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Definition
| an unsuccessful attempt made under Mao Zedong in China 1958–60 to hasten the process of industrialization and improve agricultural production by reorganizing the population into large rural collectives and adopting labor-intensive industrial methods |
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Term
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Definition
| foreigners exempt from the laws of China (do whatever they want); insult to China; one of the reasons for the revolution in 1911 |
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Term
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Definition
| war involving Britain and China regarding the question of trading rights; followed China's attempt to prohibit the illegal importation of opium from British India into China |
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Term
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Definition
| turning non-Chinese into people with Chinese culture; with Confucianism (Kongfuzi) – Confucius - philosopher (551 BC – 479 BC); people chosen based on personal merit (not on money or family), and Confucian Classics (series of books) - Chinese based education on |
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Term
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Definition
| Chinese philosopher; his ideas about the importance of practical moral values, collected by his disciples in the Analects, formed the basis of the philosophy known as Confucianism |
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Term
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Definition
| an ancient caravan route that linked Xian in central China with the eastern Mediterranean. It was established during the period of Roman rule in Europe and took its name from the silk that was brought to the west from China |
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Definition
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Definition
| Golden Age; 206 BC – 220 AD; Silk Route – Rome |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| parents Japanese, but born outside of Japan; cannot become Japanese citizens |
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Definition
| Japanese administration over Sakhalin |
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Term
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Definition
| a chain of islands in the western Pacific Ocean, stretching about 600 miles (960 km) from the southern tip of the island of Kyushu in Japan to Taiwan; the largest island is Okinawa |
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Definition
| a river in eastern Asia (China/North Korea border) that rises in the mountains of Jilin province in northeastern China and flows southwest for about 500 miles (800 km) to the Yellow Sea |
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Definition
| a member of a people of northwestern China, particularly the Xinjiang region, and adjoining areas who speak Turkic language |
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Definition
| any of various radical or socialist groups, in particular a militant youth movement in China (1966–76) that carried out attacks on intellectuals and other disfavored groups as part of Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution |
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Definition
| government controlled corporations competing under free-market conditions, usually in a tightly regimented society; ex South Korea |
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Term
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Definition
| exists when two regions, through exchange of raw materials or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other’s demands; North and South Korea compliment one another (rice in north and agriculture in south |
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Definition
| county in North Korea; strategic position with beautiful scenery |
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Definition
| government controlled by government of another country |
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Definition
| in Gansu province; where sil road passed; connected Central Asia and China |
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Definition
| a city in eastern China, on the Yangtze River, capital of Jiangsu province; pop. 3,682,000 |
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Term
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Definition
| a densely populated peninsula on the southeastern coast of China that forms part of Hong Kong; separated from Hong Kong Island by Hong Kong Harbor |
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Definition
| main pass through western ranges to Kazakhstan |
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Term
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Definition
| a republic in central Asia, south of Russia, that extends east from the Caspian Sea to the Altai Mountains and China; population 15,143,000; The Turkic tribes of Kazakhstan were overrun by the Mongols in the 13th century, and the region was eventually absorbed into the Russian empire; formed a constituent republic of the Soviet Union and became an independent republic within the Commonwealth of Independent States in 1991 |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of small islands and coral reefs in the South China Sea, between Vietnam and Borneo. Dispersed over a distance of about 600 miles (965 km), the islands are variously claimed by China, Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia |
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Term
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Definition
| a province in southwestern China, on the border with Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar (Burma); capital, Kunming |
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