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| --- is the outer layer of the Earth that includes land and the ocean floor. |
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| --- is the thickest layer of Earth, made of solid and melted rock. |
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| --- is the deepest layer of Earth |
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| --- are continent-sized slabs that make up the crust and the upper mantle |
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| An --- is the shaking of Earth's crust |
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| The --- is the point of Earth's surface right above the focus of an earthquake. |
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| The --- is the underground point where an earthquake first starts. |
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| A --- is an instrument that measures and records earthquake waves |
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| The --- scale measures the movement and the amount of damage caused by a earthquake (Roman numberals I to XII are used) |
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| The --- scale measures the strength or the amount of energy released )Numbers one through 9 are used. |
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| --- volcanoes are large mountains with gentle slopes that have formed from oozing lava (Mauna Loa in Hawaii is one of the largest) |
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| --- --- volcanoes are small but have steep sides, volcanoes made of cinders (hardened lava chunks) |
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| --- volcanoes have steep peaked, gentle sloping, sided, medium-sized mountains that are made up of alternating layers of cinders and lava (Fount Fuji in Japan is one example) |
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| --- is an underground pool that holds hot magma |
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| --- is melted rock inside the earth. |
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| --- is melted rock that reaches that earth's surface |
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| A --- is the opening through which the magma flows out of the volcano onto the surface. |
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| A --- is a large basin that can form at the top of a volcano |
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| A --- is something that you actually see. |
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| An --- is an opinion or a conclusion that you have made. |
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| If Earth's plates stopped moving, what might happen? |
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| There would be no more earthquakes and no new volcanoes or mountains. |
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| The 1964 earthquake in Alaska released more energy than the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake in California. How do you think scientist know this? |
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Definition
| By meauring the two earthqukes using the seismographs, the Mercali scale and/or the Richter scale. The scientists can compare the amounts of energy the earthquakes released and the amount of damage they caused. |
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| The group of active volcanoes in the Pacific Ocean basin is known as the Ring of Fire. Why is this a good name? |
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| This is a good name because there are a large amount of volcanoes in this circle area. |
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| What do you think causes the volcanoes in the "Ring of Fire"? |
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| Sometimes the plates moving toward each other cause the edges of one plate to be pushed down into the mantle where it partly melts. Magma rises through vents all around the edges of the Pacific Plate forming the volcanoes. |
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