Term
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Definition
| Physical, Chemical, Biological |
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid and Sediment Motion |
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Term
| What does fluid motion invove? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Sediment motion involve? |
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Definition
| Bedloads, suspension, and gravity |
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Term
| What are some properties of a sediment? |
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Definition
| Form, Roundness, surface, size, sorting, and minerology |
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Term
| Name some computational methods of determining size. |
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Definition
| Weighted average, mean grain size, and sorting |
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Term
| Name the environmental systems. |
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Definition
| Marine, terestrial, and aggregates |
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Term
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Definition
| An aggregate of one or more minerals or a body of undifferentiated mineral matter, or solid organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The 3 groups of sedimentary stucture |
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Definition
| Statification structures and bedforms; bedding-plane markings; and other structures |
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Term
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Definition
| Deposition, erosional, deformation, and biogenic |
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Term
| What is an Amalgamation surface? |
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Definition
| A marked discontinuity between tow beds of similar compositon |
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Term
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Definition
| Whether a sample is skewed one way or another. If Vel = Skewness; Kurtosis = acceleration. |
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Term
| What are the classes for the Wentworth Scale? |
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Definition
>-1 Gravel
-1 to 4 Sand
4 to 8 Silt
<8 Clay |
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Term
| What does this symbol mean? (σ)? |
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Definition
| It's the standard deviation symbol, the mean. (grain size - average) |
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Term
| What does this symbol mean? "(f)?" |
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Definition
| Frequency: What percent of the sample this size is. f= (mass of size)/(mass of sample) |
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Term
| What does this symbol mean? "(m)?" |
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Definition
Midpoint of each grain-size grade in Phi values.
Half the distance between current grain size and previous size.
[(φ current)-(φ prior)]/2 |
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Term
| What does this symbol mean? "(xbar)?" |
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Definition
| (Total mass of sample)/number of samples |
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Term
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Definition
Median values are defined as the value where half of the population resides
above this point, and half resides below this point. |
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Term
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Definition
The mode is the peak of the frequency distribution, or it may be easier to visualize
it as the highest peak seen in the distribution. The mode represents the particle
size (or size range) most commonly found in the distribution. |
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Term
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Definition
1) Waves
2) Tides
3) Oceanic circulation
4) Submarine gravity-driven flow
5) Interactions among these different processes |
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Term
| Beach type classifications (relating to interactions with waves): |
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Definition
| Dissapative, reflective, intermediate. |
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Term
| Types of barrier island classifications: |
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Definition
| WaveDOMNATED, mixed energy. NO TIDAL DOMINATED |
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Term
| Types of River Delta classifications (morphological:) |
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Definition
| River dominated, wave dominated, tidal dominated. |
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Term
| Types of Tidal Inlet classifications (morphological) |
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Definition
| Tide dominated (short and wide) and wave dominated (drumstick) |
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Term
| Describe River Delta formation: |
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Definition
| Deltas form when a river, along with the sediment it carries, enters the ocean, and the sediment drops out of the suspended load. |
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Term
| Does the sea water or fresh water rise to the top? |
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Definition
| Fresh water initially is on the bottom, due to the added weight from the sediment. once the sediment drops out, the fresh water rises to the top. |
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Term
| When does buoyancy and friction matter? |
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Definition
| Buoyancy matters in suspended load, friction matters in bedload. |
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Term
| What kind of river will discharge more sediment, a high mountain or a low river? |
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Definition
| High mountain, like the Ganges. Low rivers, like the Amazon, will discharge less. |
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Term
| Describe and give and example of a River Dominated river. |
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Definition
| Mississippi. Unidirectional sediment flow. |
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Term
| What are the three zones of a river delta? |
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Definition
| Flood plain(overwash), delta plane, and prodelta |
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Term
| What are the three dominate forces in a delta? |
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Definition
a) Buoyant-dominated delta: the inflow extends as a plume into relatively deep, generally marine water, e.g., modern MS delta
b) Friction-dominated delta: the rivers enter water so shallow that the inflow can only expand in a horizontal direction, e.g., earlier MS delta
c) Inertia-dominated delta: river mouths form where the slope is steep enough to allow expansion of the inflow in both horizontal and vertical direction. Gibert-type of delta. |
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Term
| Describe a Tide-dominated delta |
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Definition
| Tide-dominated deltas are characteristic of strong tidal forcing, in addition to the river flow. a) The depositional bodies tend to be linear and aligned parallel to the tidal and river flows. b) Extensive tidal flats are typically associated with the tide-dominated delta. Several of the world’s largest deltas, e.g., Ganges-Brahmaputra delta and the Yangtze delta are tide-dominated deltas. c) many radial offshore sand bodies d) controlled by the combined strong river and tidal flows, the river channel and river mouth do not tend to switch dramatically like the case of Mississippi River. . |
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Term
| Describe a wave-dominated delta |
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Definition
a) The depositional bodies tend to be linear and aligned parallel to the coastline, e.g., formation of barrier islands.
Wave-dominated deltas are characteristic of strong wave forcing, in addition to the river flow. The wave forcing results in significant rework of the deposition of the terrigeneous sediment.
b) Most wave-dominated deltas tend to be smaller in size.
c) many shore-parallel sand bodies |
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