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Earth's Surface Ch 4
Interactive Science Series
29
Science
6th Grade
03/30/2017

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Term
fossils
Definition
preserved remains or traces of living things
Term
mold
Definition
a hollow area in sediment in the shape of an organism or part of an organism
Term
cast
Definition
a solid copy of the shape of an organism
Term
petrified fossils
Definition
fossils in which minerals replace all or part of an organism
Term
carbon film
Definition
an extremely thin coating of carbon on rock
Term
trace fossils
Definition
a type of fossil that provides evidence of the activities of ancient organisms
Term
paleontologist
Definition
scientist who studies fossils
Term
evolution
Definition
the change in living things over time
Term
extinct
Definition
when an organism no longer exists on Earth and never will again
Term
relative age
Definition
the age of a rock compared to the ages of other rocks.
Term
absolute age
Definition
the number of years that have passed since a rock formed
Term
law of superposition
Definition
the geological principle that states that in horizontal layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is older than the layer above it and younger than the layer below it
Term
extrusion
Definition
formed when lava hardens on the surface and forms igneous rock
Term
intrusion
Definition
formed when magma cools and hardens into a mass of igneous rock
Term
fault
Definition
a break in the Earth's crust
Term
index fossil
Definition
a fossil that is widely distributed and represent an organism that existed for a geologically short period of time
Term
unconformity
Definition
a gap in the geological record
Term
radioactive decay
Definition
the process by which the atoms of one element break down to form atoms of another element
Term
half-life
Definition
the amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms of an element to decay
Term
geologic time scale
Definition
a record of the geologic events and the evolution of life forms as shown in the fossil record
Term
eras
Definition
one of the three long units of geological time between the Precambrian time and the present
Term
periods
Definition
one of the units of time that eras are divided into
Term
comet
Definition
a ball of dust, gas, and ice that orbits the sun
Term
invertebrates
Definition
animals without a backbone
Term
vertebrate
Definition
animals with a backbone
Term
amphibian
Definition
an animal that lives part of its life on land and part of its life in water
Term
reptiles
Definition
have scaly skin and lay eggs that have tough, leathery shells
Term
mass extinction
Definition
when many types of living things become extinct at the same time
Term
mammal
Definition
a vertebrate that controls its body temperate and feeds milk to its young
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