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| Any substance that can not be broken down into a simpler from of the substance is called a? |
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| A charged atom is called an |
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| What does "2" mean in the formula for water H2O? |
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| there are two atoms of hydrogen |
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| density, color, adn bioling point are all examples of |
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| the atomic particle with no charge is the |
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| A naturally occuring, inorganic solid with an orderly internal structure that makes up rocks is most likely a |
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| color, cleavage, streak, fracture adn hardness are terms usually associated with what? |
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| Most minerals found in the rocks of Earth's crust belong to the group called |
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| Igneous rocks are formed when magma |
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| Igneous rocks sthat cool quicky on Earth's surface are called |
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| Rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic by determining how they form |
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| All rocks contain ___ which they are made out of |
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| rich in magnesiium adn iron, generally dark in color |
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| IN an investigation, you discover that the rock sample you are trying to classify contains fossils. What type of rock is th erock sample most likely to be? |
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| A rock has just been pushed to the surface of Earth bc of uplifiting. What would th enext step of th erock byble ce for that rock? |
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| to be brocken down by weathering. |
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| what twoelements must be present in a silicate |
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| Sedimentary rocks are classified according to |
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| source of sediment, way it was moved and contitions |
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| Rocks are said to have cycle because |
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| can be changed into antoher type |
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| An example of organic sedimentary rock is |
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| When rocks are metamorphosed, the pressure causes them to become |
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| The process in which one type of rock changes into another type of rock vecause of chemical processes or changes in temperature and pressure is called |
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| How is th eenergy that reaches Earth from the Sun produced |
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| Coal depostis are formed by what process |
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| What happens during nuclear fission |
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| the nucleus of a heavy atom splits into 2 or more, releasing neutrons and energy |
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| Human beings have learned to use mineral deposits like coal and petroleum as fuels. How is it that materials found deep within Earth can have so much energy? |
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Definition
| they store energy from sunlight through plants and animals from millions of years ago. release energy when burned |
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| Fossil fuels are formed from organic matter. Describe what occurs to organic matter to form fossil fuels? |
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| remains accumulate on the ocean floor , are buried by sediment, heat and pressure, chemical changes |
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| The water for geothermal power plants is heated how? |
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Definition
| by magma or hot gases from magma |
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| The cause of th emovement of the plates is most likely from |
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| New crustal material froms where? |
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| Most earthquakes and volcanoes occur where? |
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| WhaT is made up of th ecrust adn the upper most part of the mantle? |
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| Cool areas within the asthenophere ____ and hot areas _____ |
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| Theis part of the earth is made up of partially melted rocks that are aable to flow |
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| Both collision and subduction are examples of what kind of boundary? |
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| The rising protion of the convections currents are thought to cause what to happen |
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| Magma that is think, rich in feldspar adn silica is called |
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| Magma that is dark, thin, rich in magnesium adn iron is called |
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| What is th eepicenter of an earthquake? |
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| pt directly above an earthquakes' focus |
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| The theory that explains why and how continents move is called |
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| What are the fasted boy waves or seismic waves? |
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| What is it called when one plate goes beneath another |
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| The Himalaya Mountains were formed by what kind of boundary? |
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| Is sediment that is closer to a mid-ocean ridge younger or older than sediment thta is farther away? |
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| The supercontinent that formed abuot 300 million years ago is called |
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| What is a cause of tsunamis |
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Definition
| an earthquake whose epicenter is on the ocean floor |
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| How do scientists find th eepicenter of an earthquake? |
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Definition
| Tey use the lag time of arrival times of P adn S waves to get the distance. Then they locate the meeting place of the 3 circles |
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Term
| The branch of earth science thta studies the blanket of air that surrounds Earth is |
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| Identifying rocks, studying glacial movements, adn interpreting clues to Earth's history are all topics in |
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| The study of objects beyond Earth's atmosphere is |
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| The water in Earth's oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, glaciers, adn in Earth's atmosphere makes up the |
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| researchers use a ____ in an experiment to show that the results of the experiment are actually due to the condition being tested |
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| The application of scientific discoveries is called |
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| One test you can preform on a rock is to determine its density. What is th eformulsa for density? |
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| Approzimately 70% of Earth's surface is covered by |
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Definition
| the amount of matter in something |
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| the amount of space in something |
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| The instrument used to measure mass is the |
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| A fraduated cylinder starts at a volume of 50 ml, 5 limestone rocks are added adn the new volume is 55 ml. The graduated cylinder withs 75 grams with just the water in it and 105 grams with teh water pltus the stones. |
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| The force of attraction that exists among all matter in the universe is called |
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| Evaporation, condensation, adn adn precipitaition are part of the |
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| The ____ represents 0 degrees longitude. |
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| You always advance you calendar one day if you are traveling west across which lin? |
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| A ____ explains what hesymbols on a map represent |
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| Satellites in the GPS help users determine their exact |
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Definition
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| What is th elatitude of the North Pole |
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Definition
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| What is true abount lines of longitude |
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Definition
| the distance covered by a degree varies |
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| INto how many time zones is Earth divided |
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Definition
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| New scientific discoveries can lead to new theoris, which is why our understanding of th euniverse has ____ greatly over time |
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Definition
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| An idea that has been tested repeatedly and gains acceptance is called a |
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Definition
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| Bias may cause the results of an investigation to be invalid. What is bias? |
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Definition
| partiality to a particular result |
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| To be unbiased you should not have any connection to the research being done. True or false? |
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Definition
| process in which experts on a topic review another's work before publing. |
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| Why should science be reliable |
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Definition
| new diciplines of science emerge as a result of connections... |
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Term
| All flat maps distort either the shapes or the areas of landmasses bc |
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Definition
| a map is a flat representation |
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Term
| What type of map shows changes in elevation on Earth's surface? |
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Definition
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| What is the shape of the earth? |
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Definition
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| What does a weather map look like? |
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Definition
| fronts, humidity, temperatures... |
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| On a topographic map, a ________ _____ connects points of elevation. |
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Definition
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| What is wrong with the statement that a location at 120 degrees north latitude adn 190 degrees east longitude |
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Definition
| there are only 90 degrees north adn 180 degrees east. |
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Term
| The layer just below the Earth's crust is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| The solid, plascit layer of the mantle on which the tectonic plates move is the |
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Definition
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Term
| Anything that has volume and mass is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The smallest part of an element that still has the properties of the element is caleed an |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| has even # of protons and electrons, protons adn neutrons in the nucleus |
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Term
| The number of protons in teh atom is also known as the |
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Definition
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Term
| The forms of matter include |
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Definition
| solid, liquid, gas, plasma |
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Term
| Chemical bonds that form btw two atoms when electrons are donated to one adn accepted by another resultin in the formatino of ions are called |
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Definition
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Term
| Bonds that form when electrons are shared by two atoms are called |
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Definition
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Term
| where does the first motion of an earthquake occur |
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Definition
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Term
| The point on the ground directly above the location of the first movement of the earthquake is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| As rocks slip along fault lines they release energy in the form of vicrations called what? |
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Definition
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| Vibrations in the groudnd can be detected and recorded by using an instrument called a |
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Definition
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| The measure of the strength of an earthquake is called its |
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Definition
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Term
| where do deep-ocean trenches form? |
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Definition
| convergent boundaries or subduction |
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Term
| Two plates slide past each other horizontally at what kind of boundary? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is at the center of a mid-ocean ridge? |
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Definition
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| When stress on rocks causes there to be a break in the rock along which there is movement is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| Constant pressure, and forces on the earth cause the earth to bend, fold tilt and break. These changes are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Molten rock found belwo the earth's surface is called ___ and above the surface is is called ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| A vent in the Earth's surface through which magma and gases are expelled is called a |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a volcanic cone that is broad at the base adn has gently sloping lides? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a structure formed by lava adn pyroclastic material ejected during volcanic eruptions |
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Definition
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| What is a volcano with very steep slopes that are rarely more than a few hundred meters high adn have angles close to 40 degrees? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a volcano made of alternating layers of hardened lava flows adn pyroclastic materials? |
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Definition
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| What is th efunnel-shaped pit at the top of a volcanic vent? |
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Definition
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Term
| A major zone of active volcanoes encircling the Pacific Ocean is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does magma rise upward through the crust |
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Definition
| the magma is less dense than surrouding rock |
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Term
| what is the process by which rocks break down in to smaller pieces by physical means? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which rock is brocken down as a result of chemical reactions with the envirnment called? |
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Definition
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| what do we call the rock from which soil is formed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Erosion id the __________ of weathered particles |
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Definition
| process of transportation |
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Term
| What is the continuous movement of water from the atmosphere to the land and ocans and back to teh atmosphere |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ground water flawas through cracks in limstone, enlargens cracks, weathering |
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Term
| A glacier that forms in a mounainous region is called an |
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Definition
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Definition
| large blocks of ice break off ice shelves, drift in ocean. |
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