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| Hess discovered a system of mountain ranges on the sea floor separated by valleys |
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| a long narrow depression forms between peaks along the mid-ocean range |
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| the boundary between two plates that are moving apart |
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| convergent plate boundary |
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| the boundary where two plates collide |
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| when a thick and buoyant continental plate meets a thin and oceanic plate, the denser plate dives beneath the continent |
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| where plates slide horizontally past each other in opposite directions |
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| the sudden movement or vibration of the ground that occurs when rocks slip and slide along enormous cracks in earth's crust called faults |
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| a crack in earth's crust in which rock has moved |
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| sudden release of strain energy as rock moves along a fault |
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| the point of origin for an earthquake |
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| the point on earth's surface directly above the focus |
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| the boundary between two layers of material that have different densities |
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| the crust and uppermost mantle combined |
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| areas on earth's surface where no seismic waves are recorded |
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| tectonic plates move on top of a plastic like layer of the upper mantle |
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| the measure of a fluid's resistance to flow |
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| the chemical compound silicon dioxide SiO2 which is a compound ingredient in most magma |
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| tend to be small, have heights in the hundred meter range, short eruption cycles |
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| broad flat structures composed of layer upon layer of lava flows |
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| large and steep sided, often thousands of meters high, and tens of kilometers across the base, composed of layers of both lava and ash |
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