Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Earth Science Semester 1 Final Study Guide JCS MHSA
Earth Science Semester 1 Final Study Guide for JCS MHSA
63
Environmental Studies
9th Grade
12/13/2012

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Magma is a slushy mix of molten rock, gases, and_
Definition
Mineral Crystals
Term
Porphyritic textures indicate that magma has cooled ___ Throughout crystallization
Definition
slowly then quickly
Term
Different minerals melt and crystallize at __
Definition
Different Temperatures
Term
Igneous rocks can be identified by their __ of crystal size and texture
Definition
Physical properties
Term
The sun shines on and warms Earth's surface directly in a method of energy known as __
Definition
Radiation
Term
Imbalances in Earth's __ help to create weather.
Definition
heat energy
Term
Due to the __ Moving air particles are deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left of the southern hemisphere
Definition
Coriolis effect
Term
The greenhouse effect is the natural __ of Earth's surface caused by certain gases in the atmosphere
Definition
Heating
Term
One of the effects of El NiƱo is that the jet stream shifts farther __
Definition
South
Term
Roughly half of all Earth's seawater is contained in the __ Ocean
Definition
Pacific
Term
Nitrogen is one of the dissolved __ in seawater
Definition
gases
Term
Melting sea ice __ the salinity of seawater in polar regions
Definition
lowers
Term
Breakers are formed by the action of __ between the wave and the ocean bottom
Definition
Friction
Term
The depth to which a disturbs the water is called the __
Definition
Wave base
Term
As marine organisms die, their solid parts drift to the bottom of the ocean, causing salts to be __ seawater
Definition
Removed from
Term
The freezing point of salt water is somewhat __ than that of freshwater.
Definition
lower
Term
Closed, circular surface currents systems are called __
Definition
Gyres
Term
Upwelling waters bring __ to the ocean's surface
Definition
nutrients
Term
A combination of many __ makes up Earth's atmosphere
Definition
Gases
Term
If the amount of moisture in the air remains the same and temperature rises, the relative humidity will __
Definition
Decrease
Term
The amount of water vapor in a given volume of air is it __
Definition
Humidity
Term
As the water content of rocks increases, the melting point __
Definition
Decreases
Term
A model that illustrates the predictable patterns of mineral formation from cooling magma is __
Definition
Mineral composition
Term
Intrusive igneous rocks form __
Definition
coarse-grained rocks
Term
Rocks are formed when magma __
Definition
crystallizes
Term
Igneous rocks that cool slowly beneath Earth's crust are __
Definition
intrusive
Term
Igneous rocks that cool quickly on Earth's surface are __
Definition
Extrusive
Term
Extrusive rocks, which cool more rapidly than intrusive rocks, are generally more __
Definition
Finely grained
Term
Factors that affect a rock's melting point include __
Definition
Pressure and water content
Term
Valuable ore deposits and gem crystals are often associated with __
Definition
Igneous intrusions
Term
Current short-term variations in the atmosphere are referred to as __
Definition
Weather
Term
The Coriolis effect is die to the __ of Earth
Definition
Rotation
Term
Polar and tropical regions maintain fairly constant average temperatures because __
Definition
the continual motion of air and water reallocates heat energy throughout Earth
Term
Types of climate data include annual variations in temperature, precipitation and __
Definition
wind
Term
The climatic zone that receives the least solar radiation and has the coldest climate is the
Definition
polar zone
Term
Earth's atmosphere contains more __ than any other substance.
Definition
Nitrogen and oxygen
Term
When the temperature in the atmosphere reaches the __ condensation occurs
Definition
Dew point
Term
What is the constant movement of water between the atmosphere and Earth's Surface?
Definition
The Water cycle
Term
Rock formed from the crystallization if magma us called __
Definition
igneous rock
Term
__ illustrates the relationship between cooling magma and mineral formation.
Definition
Bowens reaction series
Term
A rock that has grains of two different sizes has __ texture
Definition
Porphyritic
Term
A(n) ___ is a vein of extremely large-grained minerals.
Definition
pegmatite
Term
What is the transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves?
Definition
Radiation
Term
What is the temperature to which air must be cooled at constant pressure to reach saturation?
Definition
Dew point
Term
What is the gas formed by adding a third oxygen atom to an oxygen molecule?
Definition
Ozone
Term
What is Maritime polar (northern Pacific, Bering Sea)?
Definition
Cold and humid
Term
What is maritime tropical (Gulf of Mexico)?
Definition
warm and humid
Term
What is Continental Tropical (southwestern desert of the United States)?
Definition
Warm and Dry
Term
What is Continental polar (central Canada)
Definition
Cold and Dry
Term
What is the study of Earth's climate and the factors that affect past, present, and future climate changes?
Definition
Climatology
Term
What is the current caused by wind?
Definition
Surface current
Term
What is a collapsing wave?
Definition
A breaker
Term
What is the lowest point of a wave?
Definition
Trough
Term
What is the current caused by differences in the temperature and salinity of ocean water?
Definition
Density Current
Term
What is the Highest point of a wave?
Definition
Crest
Term
What is Upward motion of ocean water?
Definition
Upwelling
Term
What is the rhythmic movement that carries energy through matter?
Definition
Waves
Term
What is the layer between the stratosphere and the thermosphere?
Definition
Mesosphere
Term
What is the layer in which the most pollution occurs?
Definition
Troposphere
Term
What is the atmosphere's outermost layer?
Definition
Exosphere
Term
What is the layer within the thermosphere filled with electrically charged particles?
Definition
Ionosphere
Term
What is the part of the atmosphere containing the ozone layer?
Definition
Stratosphere
Term
What part of the atmosphere can have air temperatures up to 1000 C?
Definition
The Thermosphere
Supporting users have an ad free experience!