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earth science
plates
40
Science
8th Grade
04/18/2013

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Cards

Term
What is the very center of the earth made up of solid metal?
Definition
inner core
Term
What is the only layer of earth made up of all liquid metal and liquid rock?
Definition
outer core
Term
What is the thickest layer of earth which is made of solid rock, semisolid rock, and liquid rock?
Definition
mantle
Term
What is the thinnest layer of earth made up of solid rock?
Definition
crust
Term
What is the crust which makes up dry land?
Definition
continental crust
Term
What is the crust found under the major bodies of water?
Definition
oceanic crust
Term
What is the solid rock layer of earth which goes from the crust into the uppermost part of the mantle?
Definition
lithosphere
Term
What is the layer of soft rock under the lithosphere which ishot and flowing?
Definition
asthenosphere
Term
What makes the asthenosphere move?
Definition
convection currents
Term
What is the rising of hot magma and falling of cooler magma?
Definition
convection currents
Term
What are the big, hard, solid pieces of rock that move in the lithosphere called?
Definition
plates
Term
What are plates that move toward each other and collide?
Definition
convergent
Term
When two continental plates converge they will create ___.
Definition
mountains
Term
What are two plates that move away from each other?
Definition
divergent plates
Term
When an oceanic plate and a continental plate converge, they will create a _____ in the ocean and a ____ on land.
Definition

trench

volcano

Term
When two continental plates diverge they will create a _____.
Definition
rift valley
Term
When two oceanic plates diverge they will create a ____.
Definition
mid-ocean ridge
Term
When two transform plates slide they will cause _____.
Definition
earthquakes
Term
What is the boundary between two moving plates?
Definition
fault line
Term
The theory which states that all of the continents use to be together, but they have slowly moved away from each other is ____.
Definition
continental drift
Term
What causes continental drift?
Definition
moving tectonic plates
Term
The theory that the lithosphere is made up of moving pieces of land is ___.
Definition
plate tectonics
Term
What is the supercontinent before the continents drifted away from each other?
Definition
Pangaea
Term
What is the spot underneath the earth's surface where two plates move to start an eartquake?
Definition
focus
Term
What is the spot on the earth's surface right above the focus of an earthquake?
Definition
epicenter
Term
What is the instrument which measures and studies seismic waves of an earthquake?
Definition
seismograph
Term
What is the first earthquake waves to reach a seismograph machine?
Definition

P waves

primary waves

Term

What is the second wave to reach seismograph machines?

 

Definition

secondary waves

s waves

Term
When the secondary waves and primary waves reach the earth's surface, it creates rolling waves like ocean waves called _____.
Definition
surface waves
Term
What is the calculation which determines the strength of an earthquake?
Definition
Richter scale
Term
What word means the "strength' of an earthquake?
Definition
magnitude
Term
The Richter scale operates on powers of ____.
Definition
ten
Term
How much more powerful is a 4 Richter scale earthquake compare to a 2 Richter scale earthquake.
Definition
100x more ground shaking
Term
What is molten rock inside the earth?
Definition
magma
Term
What is magma on the earth's surface?
Definition
lava
Term
What is the area around the Pacific Ocean where many fault lines connect forming a circle around the earth with lots of earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountains forming here?
Definition
Ring of Fire
Term
Mid-ocean ridges are formed from ____ rock.
Definition
basalt
Term
What are the three types of plates? Definition

divergent

convergent

transform(strike-slip)

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