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| What is the size and arrangement of crystalline grains in igneous rock is called? |
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| An igneous rock with a mixture of large and small grains is said to have what? |
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| what is a fine-grained member of the felsic family? |
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Definition
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| Felsic rocks are high in what? |
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| The structure formed when magma flows out through cracks in the earth’s surface and spreads out over a large area is called what? |
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| The white cliffs of Dover, England, are composed of what? |
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| what group does breccia belong in? |
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Definition
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| What is an organic sedimentary rock? |
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Definition
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| Ripple marks in rocks are formed by what? |
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Definition
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| Regional metamorphism occurs as a result of what? |
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Definition
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| The changing of rock by pressure from colliding tectonic plates is called what? |
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| What is classified as a metamorphic rock? |
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| Hot mineral solutions flowing through cracks in rocks are most likely to produce what? |
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| What elements are obtained from bauxite? |
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Definition
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| What mineral is often an ingredient in food? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a source of glass? |
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Definition
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| In general, the most efficient conductors of heat and electricity are what? |
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Definition
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| What is produced by the process of carbonization? |
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Definition
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| Bituminous coal is produced when extreme pressure is applied to what? |
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Definition
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| The hardest form of coal is what? |
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Definition
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| According to scientists, what percentage of the petroleum in the United States has already been discovered? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fission reactors are often cooled by circulating what? |
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Definition
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Term
| In nuclear fission reactors, nuclei are split by fast-moving what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fuel rods in nuclear reactors are made up of pellets of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is one advantage of nuclear fusion over nuclear fission as an energy source is that nuclear fission? |
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Definition
| produces less harmful waste. |
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| What is a potential source of fuel for nuclear fusion reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the reaction for nuclear fusion? |
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Definition
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| Power plants using geothermal energy are used extensively in what country? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of weathering most likely caused the formations in caves? |
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Definition
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| Lichens and mosses erode rocks by producing what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Weathering in which thin sheets of rock flake off the surface is called what? |
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Definition
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| Underground limestone caverns are most often produced by what? |
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Definition
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| What mineral is most resistant to weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| The rate at which conglomerates weather is most dependent upon the rock’s what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where on a mountain will weathering occur most rapidly? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which horizon accumulates most leached minerals? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of erosion material contains particles large enough to be felt but too small to be seen easily? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is humus mainly made up of? |
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Definition
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Term
| Boulders dropping from a steep cliff is an example of which type of mass movement? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small, tablelike areas that once formed a broad, flat landform are called what? |
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Definition
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Definition
| evaporation of water from plants |
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Definition
| water that changes from a liquid to a gas. |
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Term
| What is most likely to change drainage patterns in an area? |
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Definition
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| The path that a river follows is called its what? |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the principal components of the sediment carried in a bed load is what? |
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Definition
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| A wind gap is a water gap that has been what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Meanders typically form during a river’s what? |
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Definition
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Term
| An aquifer contains a great deal of water, but the water cannot be removed easily with an ordinary well. This is most likely due to sediment and rock characterized by what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What factors most directly influences porosity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The rate at which groundwater moves is related to the slope of the water table. The steepness of this slope is called its what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The capillary fringe lies within the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A cone of depression in a water table is most likely due to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A sloping layer of permeable rock sandwiched between two layers of impermeable rock and exposed at the surface is a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Pumping water from a well creates a lowered area of the water table called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an artesian well. |
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Definition
| A sloping layer of permeable rock sandwiched between two layers of impermeable rock and exposed at the |
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Term
| A cap rock is the top layer of impermeable rock that is exposed in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Groundwater is sometimes heated beneath the earth’s surface as it passes through areas where there has been recent what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Karst topography is a result of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is most likely to be produced as a result of the process of chemical weathering? |
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Definition
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Term
| Firn is formed as a result of what? |
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Definition
| the partial melting and refreezing of snow crystals into small grains of ice. |
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Term
| When a tributary glacier melts, it may leave a suspended formation called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Ice in a glacier moves down slope in response to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a features is caused by erosion rather than by deposition? |
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Definition
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Term
| A ground moraine is formed primarily from till deposited from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Till is best defined as what? |
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Definition
| an unsorted deposit of rock material. |
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Term
| Today the Great Lakes drain through the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The average length of an ice age on earth is about what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most commonly accepted cause of ice ages? |
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Definition
| small changes in the earth’s orbit, tilt, and precession |
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Term
| The process by which fine, very dry soil particles are removed by wind is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A mound of windblown sand is called a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the result of the greatest amount of wave erosion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for a long, narrow deposit of sand that is connected at one end to the shore? |
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Definition
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Term
| The coastal glacial valleys that become flooded as sea level rises are called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Sea level is now rising at an average rate of about what? |
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Definition
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Term
| A muddy or sandy part of the shoreline that is visible at low tide and submerged at high tide is a what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of structure forms around the borders of a volcanic island in shallow water? |
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Definition
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Term
| What have some towns along the New Jersey shoreline used to rebuild eroded beaches? |
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Definition
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| The most abundant element in the earth’s atmosphere is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| In which layer of the earth’s atmosphere is most ozone found? |
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Definition
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Term
| The atmospheric layer closest to the earth’s surface is called the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The ionosphere is the lower portion of the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Acid rain usually results when water vapor in the atmosphere combines with what? |
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Definition
| gases emitted by the burning of fossil fuels. |
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Term
| What is an air pollutant? |
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Definition
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Term
| The albedo of the earth’s surface is the fraction of solar radiation that is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The transfer of heat that takes place when gases are unevenly heated is called what? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what region do the northeast and southeast trade winds meet? |
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Definition
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Term
| Tombstones that are able to erode from acid rain are made of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Acid rain is created by combining water with what? |
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Definition
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