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earth science vocab.
chapter 10 vocabulary
18
Science
9th Grade
03/12/2012

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Term
earthquake
Definition
is shaking of earths crust caused by a release of energy.
Term
fault
Definition
is a breake in the lithosphere along which movement has occured.
Term
focus
Definition
the point at which the first movement occures during an earthquake.
Term
epicenter
Definition
the point on earths surface directly above the focus is the earthquake.
Term
body waves
Definition
waves that travel from the focus of an earthquake through earth.
Term
P waves
Definition
the body waves known as compressianal waves,primary waves,or P waves squeeze and stretch rock materials as they pass through earth.
Term
S waves
Definition
the body waves called shear waves,secondary waves,or S waves caused particles of rock material to move at right angles to the direction in which the waves are traveling.
Term
surface waves
Definition
earthquake waves that travel along earths surface;Love waves and Rayleigh waves are two types of surface waves.
Term
seismograph
Definition
an instrument that detects and records waves produced by earthquakes.
Term
seismgram
Definition
the recording of an earthquake made by a seismograph
Term
magnitude
Definition
the measure of the amont of energy released in an earthquake.
Term
anicline
Definition
an upfold in rock layeres.
Term
syncline
Definition
a downfold in rock layers.
Term
normal fault
Definition
a fault in which the hanging wall moves down with respect to the footwall
Term
reverse fault
Definition
a fault where the hanging wall moves up with respect to the footwall
Term
thrust fault
Definition
a reverse fault in which the fault plane dips 45 degrees or less from the horizontal
Term
strike-slip fault
Definition
a fault where the rocks on oppsite sides of the fault plane move horizontally.
Term
joint
Definition
a crack or break in the bedrock along which no movement has occured.
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