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| A solidified basaltic lava flow on land that has formed with rough, jagged surfaces. |
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| The wearing away of rock material by grinding action. |
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| The measure of how bright a star would be if it were located 10 parsecs from Earth. |
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| The method of recording events that identifies the actual date of an evert, such as when a rock formed. |
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| A continuous spectrum crossed by dark lines produced when light passes through a nonincandescent gas. |
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| One of a series of small rolling hills on the ocean floor that occur next to continental margins and oceanic ridges. |
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A large flat area on the ocean floor, composed of sediments that originated mostly on continents. |
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| Rainwater that contains unusually high amounts of acids that can be traced back to pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen compounds, and carbon dioxide. |
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| Active Continental Margin- |
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| A continental margin at which an oceanic plate is sub-ducting under a continental plate, characterized by the presence of a narrow continental shelf and a deep-sea trench. |
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| A smaller earthquake that follows a larger earthquake. |
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| A large body of air in the troposphere that has similar characteristics throughout. |
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| Any airbourne gas or particle that occurs at a concentration capable of harming living things of disrupting the functioning of the environment. |
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| The force air exerts per unit area. |
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| A sloping triangular deposit of sediment located where a mountain stream meets sea level land. |
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| The height of an object in the sky above the horizon. |
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| A fossil cephalopod that is an important index fossil of the Triassic Period. |
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| A family of complex silicate minerals that tend to form long, needlelike crystals. |
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| An instrument that measures wind speed. |
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| An upfold in rock layers. |
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| An area of high-pressure air. |
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| The point in a planet's orbit when it is farthest from the sun. |
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| The point farthest to Earth in the moon's orbit. |
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| The measure of how bright a star appears to be to an observer on Earth. |
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| A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which the solvent or dissolving medium is water. |
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| A permeable layer of rock and sediment that stores and carries groundwater in enough quanitities to supply wells. |
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| A sharp divide that seperates to adjoining cirques. |
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| An arrangement of a permeable layer of rock sandwiched between two layers of impermeable rock. |
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| A solid, rocklike mass that revolves around the sun; most asteroids are found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. |
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| The partially melted layer of the mantle that underlies the lithosphere. |
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| The average distance between Earth and the sun, about 150 million kilometers. |
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| The study of the universe. |
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