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| occurs when chemical reactions dissolve the minerals in rocks or change them into different minerals |
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| process in which surface materials are worn away and moved from one palce to another by gravity, water, wind and/or glaciers |
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| each layer in a soil profile |
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| dark-colored, decayed organic matter that supplies nutrients to plants and is found mainly in topsoi |
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| mechanical weathering process that occurs when water freezes in the cracks of rocks and expands, causing rock to break apart |
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| twigs, leaves, and other organic matter than may help prevent erosion and hold water |
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| physical process that breaks rocks apart without changing their chemical makeup |
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| any rainwater that does not soak into the ground or evaporate |
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| a mixture of weathered rock, decayed organic matter, mineral fragments, water and air that takes thousands of years to develop |
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| vertical section of soil layers |
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| farming method used to reduce erosion on steep slopes |
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| top layer of soil that has more humus and fewer rock and mineral particles than other layers |
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| Layer below A horizon - this layer is less fertile and lighter in color than the A horizon |
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| This layer consists of partially weathered rock and is the bottom horizon in a soil profile |
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