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Earth and Space Chapter 4
Refer to Title
37
Science
11th Grade
09/05/2013

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Term
Matter
Definition
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Term
Element
Definition
A substance that can't be seperated or broken down by chemical means.
Term
Atom
Definition
The smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical properties of the element.
Term
Proton
Definition
Subatomic particle with a positive charge located in the nucleus.
Term
Electron
Definition
A subatomic particle with a negative charge
Term
Neutron
Definition
A subatomic particle with no charge in the nucleus.
Term
Compound
Definition
A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.
Term
Molecule
Definition
A group of atoms held together by chemical forces. It is the smallest unit of matter able to exist by itself and have all the chemical properties of a substance.
Term
Ion
Definition
Atom or molecule that has gained or loss electrons and has a negative or positive charge.
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
Attractive force between oppositely charged ions when electrons are traded between atoms and molecules.
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
A bond where atoms share one or more electrons
Term
Mixture
Definition
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Term
Solution
Definition
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout the mixture
Term
Electron Cloud
Definition
In an atom, the region of space where electrons move
Term
To find the mass number of an atom you
Definition
Add the number of neutrons of the atom to the atomic number
Term
Periodic Table
Definition
Chart used to classify elements
Term
Gas
Definition
State of matter that has no definite shape or volume
Term
Liquid
Definition
Substance with a definite volume but no definite shape
Term
Solid
Definition
The physical state of matter that has a definite shape and volume
Term
Outerlayer of Electrons
Definition
Must be filled in order to have a stable atom
Term
Diatomic
Definition
Molecules made up of two or more atoms
Term
Chemical Forces
Definition
Atoms in all compounds are held together by forces called
Term
Chemical Formula
Definition
The written notation used to represent the relative atoms of each element in a compound
Term
Substances are either
Definition
Elements or Compounds
Term
The freezing of water is what type of change?
Definition
Physical
Term
Homogeneous mixtures include
Definition
Solutions
Term
A fruit salad is what kind of mixture?
Definition
Heterogeneous
Term
Flammability is what type of property?
Definition
Chemical
Term
If a mixture scatters light and does not settle upon standing it is a
Definition
Colloid
Term
A suspension is what type of mixture?
Definition
Heterogeneous
Term
The mass of what subatomic particle is equal to the mass of a proton?
Definition
Neutron
Term
Groups
Definition
Vertical arrangements on the periodic table
Term
The second energy level of an atom can hold how many electrons?
Definition
Eight
Term
Moving from left to right in a row of the periodic table metallic properties decrease or increase?
Definition
Decrease
Term
The properties of a compound are the same as or different from the properties of the elements that make them up?
Definition
Different from
Term
Polar Molecules
Definition
Do not share molecules equally
Term
Non-Polar Molecules
Definition
Do share electrons equally
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