Term
| What is the agent that performs chemical weathering, and what are the two principal reservoirs of acid forming materials for this agent? |
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Definition
Chemical weathering - primarily done by water that is acidic rains pick up material fromt he atmosphere to become acidic rain can also pick up organic making it more acidic |
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Term
| What happens to the following minerals when acted upon by acidic water: quartz, feldspar, iron-silicates? |
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Definition
| feldspar turn to clay - iron turn to rust - quartz turn to quartz |
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Term
| Know the six forms of mechanical weathering and the basic mechanism of each. |
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Definition
impact abrasion frost wedging root wedging salt wedging unloading |
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Term
| Know the difference between regolith and soil. |
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Definition
regolith - layer of rock and mineral fragments at the Earth's surface soil - a combination of mineral and organic matter, water, and air |
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Term
What are layers of soil called and what are the five characteristics used to define them? |
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Definition
color texture structure organic matter content moisture content |
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Term
| What materials can turn soil to the following colors: black to dark brown, yellow-brown to red, dark grey-green, light grey to white? |
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Definition
soil horizons - color organics turn soil black to dark brown ferric iron turns the soil yellow - brown to red ferrous iron turns soil dark grey - green SiO2 or CaCO3 - light gray or white |
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Term
| Be able to draw an idealized soil profile and describe the basic characteristics of the five principal layers. |
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Definition
O Horizon - loose and partially decayed organic matter A Horizon - loose rock and mineral matter mixed with partially decomposed organic matter(Humus) E Horizon - Fine-grained mineral particles that have been carried down by water(eluviation & Leaching* B Horizon - Accumulation of clay transported from above C Horizon - loose and partially altered "Parent" rock material Parent Rock |
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Term
Know the five soil forming factors. |
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Definition
climate topography (slope) parental material organics time |
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