Term
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Definition
| this canal is 2.5 to 3 cm long in the adult and terminates at the eardrum, or tympanic membrane. canal is lined with glands that secrete cerumen, a yellow waxy material that lubricates and protects the ear. |
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Term
| cartilage/bone covered by thin sensitive skin |
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Definition
| the outer one third of the canal is this?/ the inner two thirds consist of this? |
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Term
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Definition
| eardrum; separates the external and middle ear and is tilted obliquely to the ear canal, facing downward and somewhat forward, translucent membrane with a pearly gray color. |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the middle ear ossicles, part of this show through the translucent drum |
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Term
| tiny bones or auditory ossicles |
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Definition
| malleus, incus, and stapes. |
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Term
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Definition
| this connects the middle ear with the nasopharynx and allows passage of air, it is normally closed, but it opens with swallowing or yawning |
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Term
| 3 functions of the middle ear |
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Definition
3 functions of what?
1. it conducts sound vibrations from the outer ear
2, it protects the inner ear by reducing the amplitude of loud sounds
3. it eustachian tube allows equalization of air pressure on each side of the tympanic membrane so it does not rupture. |
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Term
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Definition
| this holds the sensory organs for equilibrium and hearing |
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Term
| within the bony labyrinth |
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Definition
| vestibule and semicircular canals, and cochlea |
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Term
| 3 levels of auditory system |
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Definition
| 3 levels of what; peripheral, brainstem, and cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
the ear transmits sound and converts its vibrations into electrical impulses, which can be analyzed by the brain
ex you can hear an alarm bell ringing in the hall |
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Term
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Definition
| binaural interaction, which permits locating the direction of a sound in space as well as identifying the sound. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is to interpert the meaning of the sound and begint o appropriate response, all happens in a split second. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is air conuction and is the most efficient, an alternate route of hearing is by bone conduction |
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Term
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Definition
| this loss involves a mechanical dysfunction of the external or middle ear. it is a partial loss because the person is able to hear if they sound amplitude increased enough. maybe caused by impacted cerumen, foreign body, pus serum |
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Term
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Definition
| loss signifies pathology of the inner ear, cranial nerve VIII, a simple increase in amplitude may not enable the perosn to understand words, may be caused by gradual nerve degeneration that occurs with aging |
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Term
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Definition
| if the labyrinth ever becomes inflmaed it feeds the wrong information to the brain, creating a staggering gait and strong, spinning whirling sensation |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs because of obstruction of the eustachian tube or passage of nasophryngeal secretion into the middle ear. one of the most common illnesses in children. side affect is persistance of fluid in the middle ear after treatment |
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Term
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Definition
geneticlaly dtetermined and comes in two major types; dry cerumen which is gray flaky and frequently forms a thin mass in the ear canal.
wet cerumen- which is honey brown to dark brown and moist |
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Term
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Definition
| earaches, infections discharge, hearing loss, enviromental noises,tinnitus (loud noise at home or work?) vertigo, self care behavior |
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Term
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Definition
preperation- postion, cleaning the ear canal
equipment- otoscope with bright light, pneumatic bulb attachment, tuning fork |
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Term
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Definition
| ear smaller than 4 cm vertically/ ear larger than 10 cm vertically |
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Term
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Definition
| absence or closure of the ear canal |
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Term
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Definition
pull the pinna up and back on an adult or older child. hold the otoscoe upside useful to prevent forceful insertion.
external canal- note any redness, swelling, lesions, foreign bodies or discharge. |
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Term
| tympanic membrane color and characteristic |
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Definition
normal eardrum is shiny and translucent with a pearl gray color. and a coneshaped reflection of the otoscope light.
position- flat, slightly pulled in at the center an flutters
red color, yellow amber drum and air bubbles behind drum indicate otitis media |
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Term
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Definition
test this one ear at a time while masking hearing in the other ear to prevent sound transmission. with your head 30 to 60 cm from the person exhale and whisper slowly some two syllable word.
a whisper is high frequency sound and is used to detect high tone loss |
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Term
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Definition
| these tests measure hearing by air condction or by bone conduction in which the sound vibrates through the cranial bones to the inner ear. |
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Term
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Definition
| this test is valuable when a person reports hearing better with one ear than the other. place a vibrating tuning fork in the midline of the person's skull and ask whether the tone sounds the same in bothe ears or better in one. |
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Term
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Definition
| compares air conduction and bone conduction sound. place the stem of the vibrating tuning fork on the persons mastoid proess and ask him or her to signal when the sound goes away. normally sound is heard twice as long by air conduction ( next to ear canal) as by bone conduction ( through the mastoild process) |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of the vestibular apparatus in the inner ear to help maintain standing balance |
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Term
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Definition
| reddish blue discoloration and swelling of auricle after exposure to extreme cold. |
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Term
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Definition
| swimmers ear- an infection of the outer ear, with severe painful movement of the pinna and tragus, redness and swelling of pinna. more common in hot humid weather |
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Term
| branchial remnant and ear deformity |
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Definition
| a facial remnant or left over of the embryological branchial arch usually appears as a skin tag |
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Term
| cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea |
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Definition
| skull fracture of temporal bone causes cerebrospinal fluid to leak form ear canal and pool in concha when the person is supine. |
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Term
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Definition
| location is commonly behind lobule, in the postauricular fold. blockage of sebaceous gland it filled with waxy sebaceous material and is painful |
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Term
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Definition
| overgrowth of scar tissue, which invades original site of trauma, more common in dark skinned people |
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Term
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Definition
| ulcerated crusted nodule with indurated base that fails to heal. bleeds intermittently must refer for biopsy |
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Term
conductive hearing loss
weber test |
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Definition
| these test results; sound lateralizes (hear on one side)to poorer ear from background room noise, which masks hearing in normal ear. |
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Term
Conductive loss
Rinne test |
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Definition
test results; person hears as long by bone conduction or even longer a negative finding on this test.
normal results are sound is heard twice as long by air conduction as by bone conduction |
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Term
sensorineural loss
weber test |
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Definition
| test results; sound lateralized to better ear or unaffected ear. poor ear is unable to perveive the sound |
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Term
sensorineural loss
rinne test |
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Definition
| test results; normal ratio of AC> BC is intact but is reduced overall. that is, person hears poorly both ways. |
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