Regular Plans

-Regular Bays

-Alignment of Window Bays

-Symmetry

-Centrally Placed Entrance

-Proportions or Calculated Harmony

-Return of the Column

-The Orders (tuscan, doric, ionic, corinthian, composite)

-The Dome

-Ornament

-Rustication

-Palazzo

-Villa

-Garden

-Public Square

Brunelleschi, Duomo, Florence, 1242 and later

• had to be 150' tall--> he combined ancient + gothic building techniques 
•  pointed arch
• designed tools to build dome

Brunelleschi, Duomo, Florence 1242

• double shell
• 8 main radial ribs w/ 2 minor ribs in between each
• concentric rings (horizontal)
• cupola on top to reduce outward thrust

Brunelleschi, Foundling Hospital, Florence, 1419-44

• children's hospital
• 9 bay facade
• dome above main entrance painted
• blue medallion decorations w/ baby sculptures

Brunelleschi, San Lorenzo, Florence, begun 1421

Early Renaissance

• undecorated rough texture
• burial place of Medici family

Brunelleschi, San Lorenzo, Florence, begun 1421

Early Renaissance

• kind of like Latin cross plan--long nave w/ flat roof
• aisles--barrel vaults
• corinthian columns & pylasters

Brunelleschi, San Lorenzo, Florence, begun 1421

• white interior
• minimal decor: gray pietra stone

Brunelleschi, Santo Spirito, Florence, begun 1445

• undecorated exterior, smooth texture

Brunelleschi, Santo Spirito, Florence, begun 1445

• latin cross plan, aisles all the way around w/ chapels (40 total)
• corinthian columns & 1/2 columns on walls
• flat coffered roof over nave
• white walls, w/ pietra stone detailing

Brunelleschi, Pazzi Chapel, Florence, 1430-33

• facade: corinthian columns, arch at entrance
• geometric detailing
• central dome flanked by 2 large barrel vaults

Brunelleschi, Pazzi Chapel, Florence, 1430-33

• large dome flanked N&S by 2 smaller ones, E&W another bay wide
• interior: gray stone and blue terra cotta detailing

Brunelleschi, S. Maria degli Angeli, Florence, begun 1436

• centralized
• domed octagon w/ chapels on each side
• piers= combo of pylasters--> feels like chapels carved out of one giant massing

Michelozzo Bartolomeo, Palazzo Medici, Florence, 1444

• picked over Brunelleschi for simplicity
• facade: rusticated 1st level--> each level up smoother and more refined
• 85' tall, 3 stories, but feels horizontal b/c of horizontal banding

Michelozzo Bartolomeo, Palazzo Medici, Florence, 1444

• center courtyard
• 1st floor for banking, rooms "en suit" 
• piano noble: family's main living space

Michelozzo Bartolomeo, Palazzo Medici, Florence, 1444

• courtyard: main part of palazzo type
• tall bldg shades it
• all rooms open onto it-->good air circulation

Alberti, Palazzo Rucellai, Florence, 1446-51

• increasing orders on increasing levels (used incorrectly)
• influence from Palazzo Medici & Coliseum

Alberti, S. Francesco (Tempio Malatestiano), Rimi, begun 1450

• small, tomb for Malatestiano & wife
• temple facade wrapped around medieval church
• white stone
• triumphal arch
• never completed

Alberti, S. Andrea, Mantua, 1472-94

• temple front--square and circle proportions
• building techniques authentic to antiquity

Alberti, S. Andrea, Mantua, 1472-94

• latin cross plan but feels more centralized: no aisles- just nave w/ chapels
• empahsis on N-S b/c of coffered barrel vaults

Alberti, S. Sebastiano, Mantua, 1460

• set on plinth
• temple front, white stone, rest of bldg is darker stone

Alberti, S. Sebastiano, Mantua, 1460

• greek cross plan, one side is front b/c it has white stone & temple facade
• golden cirlcle & square proportions in plan

Alberti, Santa Maria Novella facade, Florence, 1456-70

• green & white stone
• tries to adapt classical proportions to gothic bldg--emphasize square module

Bernardo Rossellino, Cathedral and Palazzo Piccolomini, Piazza Pio II, Pienza, 1459-64

• 1st look at city planning, views important
• tiny streets open onto big palazzo w/ church
• palazzo: almost identical to Alberti's Rucellai but orders used better