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early onset disorders
Psyc final
36
Nursing
Undergraduate 3
12/08/2012

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Cards

Term
do children with early onset disorders go through normal development?
Definition
yes they go through development
-symptoms linked with developmental capabilities
Term
mental retardation (def)
Definition
subaverage intelligence accompanied by significant limitations in adaptive functioning
-communication, self-care, social skills, safety, health, self-direction
Term
mental retardation
mild
Definition
(most common)
IQ: 55-70
-academic skills up to grade 6
-minimum self-support
Term
mental retardation
moderate
Definition
IQ: 40-55
-academic skills to grade 3
-provide self-care hygiene
Term
mental retardation
severe
Definition
IQ: 25-40
-rudimentary communication
-simple skills
Term
mental retardation
profound
Definition
uncommon
IQ: below 25
-sensory-motor problems
Term
Down's Syndrome
Definition
physical features noted at birth
association with older mothers
other physical impairments-cardiac
Term
autism
impairments in:
Definition
pervasive developmental disorder. impairments in:
reciprocal social interaction
impaired communication
restricted repertoire of activities and interests
--75% also have mental retardation
--some extremely high IQ
Term
autistic spectrum characteristics
lacks theory of mind
Definition
-cannot read social cues
-difficulties with empathy
-lack of emotional reciprocity
-inappropriate affect
-anxiety
-socially inappropriate behavior
Term
autistic spectrum characteristics
associated problems
Definition
-abnormal sleep/eating pattern
-OCD
-aggression
Term
Asperger's Disorder
Definition
asperger's autism
-sustained social impairment
-OCD
-no language development delay
Term
Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
ADHD
key manifestations
Definition
-IMPULSIVITY (speaking or acting without awareness)
-impulsivity, hyperactivity and inattention
-sx must cause impairment
-children feel stupid
Term
ADHD etiology
Definition
HIGHLY HERITABLE
-stress and bad parenting can exacerbate but NOT CAUSE
Term
ADHD
motor dysfunction
Definition
-inability to inhibit impulsive motor responses to sensory input
-less able to form anticipatory motor prep
Term
do children grow out of ADHD?
Definition
NO!!! life long but control can be improved and different characteristics can emerge during development
Term
ADHD
executive functioning
Definition
-internalization of self-directed speech- self guidance
-controlling emotions, motivation and state of arousal
Term
ADHD
treatments and interventions
(non pharm)
Definition
-small class and support services
-social skills therapy
-parent support and education
Term
ADHD
Rx
stimulants
Definition
methlyphenidates
-ritalin and concerta
amhetamines
-adderall and Vyvanse
Term
ADHD
Rx
non stimulant
Definition
-strattera
-wellbutrin
-intuniv
Term
oppositional defiant disorder
characteristics
Definition
-defiance
-disobedience
-hostility toward authority
-blames others
-easily annoyed
Term
conduct disorder
Definition
-repetitive persistent pattern of violating rights of others
--bully, threaten, intimidate, fight and force sex
-high-risk behavior
--theft and fire starting
-lacks empathy
-misperception of other's motives
---- poor prognosis, especially if early onset
Term
Tourette's disorder
define tic
Definition
sudden rapid recurrent non-rhythmic motor movement or vocalization
-self consciousness and shame
-social discomfort and low self-esteem
Term
Separation Anxiety Disorder
Definition
excessive anxiety about separation from home and loved ones
-stress and impaired functioning
-somatic complaints
-bedtime difficulty and nightmares
-social manifestations
Term
OCD
traits
Definition
obsession: thoughts
compulsion: actions to relieve stress of obsession
-cleanliness/safety: counting
-interferes with school
-trichotillomania: hair pulling
-skin picking
Term
self injury
Definition
deliberate, immediate physical harm
-regulates affect/emotion: equilibrium
-communication: expresses emotion
-punishment/control: trauma reenactment
--- goal is usually NOT suicide
Term
Major Depression
sx
Definition
-irritable
-sleep and appetite changes
-loss of interest or pleasure
-low energy level
-negative thoughts and behaviors
-academic decline
-substance abuse
-suicidal thoughts
-somatic complaints
Term
Bi polar Disorder
Definition
commonly similar to adult bipolar disorder
-some overlap with ADHD
-mania and depression
Term
youth suicide
Definition
12% of adolescent death
-pattern of self destructive behavior before incident
-sought medical care 1-3 months prior (attention)
Term
ideal outcomes for childhood mental illness
Definition
promotion of normal growth and development
improved functioning in school and home settings
Term
basic nursing interventions
Definition
-behavior modification
-goal setting (ADLs, impulse control, relationships)
-rewards for accomplishment
--charts for younger and contracts for inc privilege for the older pts
-maintain safe environment
-communicate respect
-promote boundaries
-increase self-confidence: realistic praise
-realistic positive outlook
Term
childhood meds
list categories
Definition
SSRI
Atypical antipsychotics
mood stabilizers
stimulants
Term
Childhood Rx
SSRI
Definition
prozac, paxil, zoloft and lexapro
-mood and anxiety disorder
---monitor for suicide
Term
Childhood Rx
atypicals
Definition
risperidone, geodon and abilify
-oppositional behavior, ADHD, autistism, and bipolar
---weight gain and fatigue
Term
Childhood Rx
mood stabilizers
Definition
Depakote, lithium, and lamotrigine
-long term effects on child
-take blood draws
Term
Childhood Rx
stimulants
Definition
adderall, ritalin, ect
-take with trazedone, and mirtazepine for sleep
---dont use benzos
Term
Childhood non pharm interventions
Definition
-activity therapy: crafts, journals and games
-physical exercise
-groups
-school work
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