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The earth orbits closer to the sun in January.
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| You are to select the sun's altitude from the options below, given that you are in Atlanta GA on MARCH 21st at Solar Noon. |
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| During the winter solstice, the northern hemisphere of the earth is _______ the sun. |
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| The vertical angle at which the sun's rays strike the earth is called the _______ and is a function of geographic latitude, time of year, and time of day. |
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| In the northern hemisphere, the following dates represent Summer Solstice and Fall Equinox in that order. |
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month and altitude of A: November, 33o
altitude and azimuth of C: 50o, 70o
azimuth and time of day for B: 70o, 3pm |
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| The winter season is the direct result of the following conditions: |
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Definition
shorter number of daylight hours
filtering effect of lower sun angles
cosine law |
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| T or F: the winter season is the direct result of planet Earth being farther from the sun |
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| As the vertical sun angle decreases, a given beam of sunlight will illuminate a _______ area (or unit of land) and therefore, per the same unit of land, the amount of radiation energy from this beam of sunlight _______. This is the basis of the cosine law. |
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| The heliodon and the sun-dial are devices used to study solar access and to inform solar responsive design. If you are seeking accuracy within the investigation of sunlight access on a very large design model, not a particular (reduced) area of a model, you should use the _____, because it has the largest area of accuracy for qualitative study. |
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| Sun-dial (under sunlight) |
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| T or F: Passive Solar refers to a system that collects, stores, and redistributes solar energy with the use of fans, pumps and other electronic controls and devices. |
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| two elements of every passive solar heating system |
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"energy-storage element" (thermal mass)
"collector" (south-facing glazing) |
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| layout 1 is an example of using direct-gain and trombe-wall designs together in an effort to reduce afternoon overheating |
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| when sizing thermal mass for a direct gain system, increasing the ___________ exposed to sunlight is more beneficial than increasing the thickness of the medium. |
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| Within which climate would a trombe' wall be beneficial to the performance of a building design? |
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| High diurnal variation, arid (Phoenix) |
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| 3 types of passive solar systems: |
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direct gain
trombe wall
sun space |
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| A movable overhang should be used in all of the following conditions, EXCEPT when: |
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| Passive shading is the main concern and passive heating is not required. |
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| If fossil fuels are aligned with the use of '__________' sunlight, photovoltaics generate energy from '__________' sunlight. |
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| T or F: For PV panels, the optimal orientation is due south, but there is little loss up to 34 degrees east of south or 34 degrees west of south. |
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| As projects are located at greater distances from the equator, they will require ____________ for effective PV mounting. |
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| T or F: For temperate climates the ideal pitch angle for PV mounting is roughly equal to degrees latitude for the location. |
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| 3 basic types of solar PV modules: |
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Crystalline Panels
Thin Film Panels
Solar Ink |
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Definition
ability to reduce intensity of urban heat island
ability to reduce run-off of stormwater from your site
ability to increase the life span of roofing membrane materials
ability to reduce smog and dust in the atmosphere |
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The double wall system was called the mur neutralisant (neutralizing wall) by Le Corbusier.
What characteristics of a double wall system validate this definition? |
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| The double wall system acts as an acoustic and thermal buffer to the external environment. |
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The intermediate space between the two skins of a [-----] is closed at each floor level. This is a primary difference between this system and the similar [-----] design for double-skins on buildings.
Another system that is closed at each floor level is the [-----] but it has the added potential to create conventional rectangular (punched window) openings in the facade. |
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corridor facade, multi-story facade
box window, punched window |
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| double skin system: brise-soleil |
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