Term
| Three parts of the cell theory. |
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Definition
-All living things are made of cells
-Basic unit of life
-Cells come from other cells |
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Term
| What is a unicellular organism? |
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Definition
| An organism that is only composed of oone cell and all life's activities occur within the cell. |
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Term
| What is a multicellular organism? |
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Definition
| An organism that is composed of more than one cell. |
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Term
| The ability of cells to divide to form new cells is the basis for all _______ and for the _______ and repair of all multicellular organisms. |
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Definition
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Term
| A eukaryotic animal cell has no ______ or _______. |
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Definition
| Cell wall, central vacuole. |
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Term
| A eukaryotic plant has ______, ________, and ________. |
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Definition
| A cell wall, chloroplasts, a large central vacuole. |
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Term
| A prokaryotic bacteria has little or no ________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Contain digestive enzymes and break things down like wastes within the cell. |
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Definition
| Supply/release energy for the cell |
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Definition
| Complex extensive network that transports materials through the cell (are not studded with ribosomes and help process and transport lipids and carbs). |
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Term
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Definition
| Sacs that separate materials from the rest of the cytoplasm (transport substances within the cell). |
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Term
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Definition
| Tough outer wall of most plant cells and some prokaryotic cells (often made of cellulose). |
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Definition
| Stores genetic information/DNA |
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Definition
| where photosynthesis occurs |
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Definition
| protects the nucleus-controlling what enters and leaves the cell |
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Definition
| Flexible membrane that controls what enters and exits the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces proteins by joining amino acids-protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| Complex extensive network that transports materials through the cell-studded with ribosomes and helps process proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that contain a nuclei, have membrane bound organelles, and are complex |
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Term
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Definition
| short, hair-like projection of cell that aids in movement |
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Definition
| long, whip-like projection of cell that aids in movement |
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Definition
| cells that do not have nuclei, do not have membrane bound organelles, and are simple |
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Term
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Definition
| collect, transfer, and distribute materials like proteins throughout the inside and outside of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Sacs for storage of salts, water, carbs, etc (large and central for plants, small in animals) |
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Definition
| A cell structure that performs specialized functions with eukaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| semi-fluid material inside of the cell containing the organelles and is bound by the cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| cells become specialized in structure and function |
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Term
| Can the process of cell differentiation be reversed? |
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Definition
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Term
| Order of organ, organ systems, cells, and tissues from least inclusive to most inclusive. |
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Definition
| Cells to tissues to organs to organ systems. |
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Term
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Definition
| unspecialized cell that reproduce themselves and can differentiate into one or more types of specialized cells |
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Term
| Difference between adult and embryonic stem cells. |
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Definition
| Found in bone marrow, not yet differentiated and found in embryos. |
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Term
| True or false: All cells contain the same DNA. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Does not use energy to move materials across the membrane with the concentration gradient (low to high) |
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Term
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Definition
| Difference in concentration |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from high to lw concentraions until equilibrium is reached. |
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Term
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Definition
| the diffusion of water across/through a semi-permeable membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| Does use energy to move materials across the membrane against the concentration gradient (low to high) |
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Term
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Definition
| Some substances are able to pass through the membrane while others are not. |
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Term
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Definition
| substances that are not able to directly pass through the membrane are able to enter the cell with the aid of transport proteins going with the concentration gradient from high to low so no energy is used |
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Term
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Definition
| solute concentrations are higher in the cell rather than outside of the cell. Water flows into the cell causing it to swell. |
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Term
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Definition
| solute concentrations are higher outside of the cell rather inside the cell. Water flows out of the cell and the cell shrivels. |
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Term
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Definition
| the necessity of an organism to mantain constant or stable conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| type of protein embedded in the cell membrane that can be used to move materials through the membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| solute concentrations inside of the cell are equal to solute concentrations outside of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| taking nutrients into the cell against the concentration gradient with the aid of vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
| releasing large amounts out of the cell like wastes with the aid of vesicles |
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Term
| Animal cells in hypotonic solutions can burst or ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of passive transport |
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Definition
| Facilitated diffusion, diffusion, and osmosis. |
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Term
| Types of active transport |
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Definition
| endocytosis and exocytosis |
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Term
| ATP does/does not use energy. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: G1, S, and G2 are in interphase. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: Interphase is not the longest phase in the cell cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: Mitosis includes Anaphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase and cytokinesis. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chromatids move to the center or middle of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| longest phase of the cell cycle-cell growth,protein synthesis, DNA is copied, and preparation for mitosis takes place |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| sister chromatids are separated from each other as the spindle fibers shorten and move towards the poles. |
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Term
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Definition
| the chromosomes become visible, the nucleus breaks down, and spindle fibers appear |
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Term
| What is a checkpoint in the cell cycle? |
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Definition
| where stop/go signals regulate cell cycle |
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Term
| Explain the difference between internal and external signals- |
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Definition
| cell sensing presence of chemical enzymes which one produced inside the cell |
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Term
| Example of how cells rewspond to physical signals in their environment. |
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Definition
| cells sense when thay are too closely packed and cell cycle is turned off |
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Term
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Definition
| uncontrollable cell division |
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Term
| Difference between malignant and benign tumors. |
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Definition
| Benign tumors remains at the same site, malignant tumors spread and impare organs. |
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