Shared Flashcard Set

Details

D. Smith- Inhaled Diseases
Inhaled Diseases
34
Pathology
Graduate
10/25/2009

Additional Pathology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What makes mycobacterium tuberculosis acid fast?
Definition

the waxy lipids in the cell walls and retain carbolfuchsin after rinse with acid alcohol

 

 

Term

T/F


mycobacterium tuberculosis causes tissue damage from the immune response to the organism?

Definition
True
Term
What kind of immune responce does mycobacterium tuberculosis illicit?
Definition

cell mediated


delayed hypersensitivity

Term
What is the first cell that TB enters?
Definition

alveolar macrophages 

can go to the blood stream

Term
What happens from the immune responce for TB?
Definition

caseous necrosis

 

Th1 activates macrophages by IFNy giving phagolysosome

Term
What is the characteristic morphology of TB?
Definition
Ghon lesion located in the distal part of the lower upper lobe or upper lower lobe
Term
What is ghon lesion?
Definition

lung lesion plus involvement of the hilar lymph node

primary TB

Term
What kind a person does primary and secondary TB show in?
Definition

primary-unsensitized

 

secondary-sensitized

Term
Where in the lung does secondary TB usually spread?
Definition
apex of the upper lobes with cavitiy lesions
Term
What is hemoptysis?
Definition
coughing up blood or blood stained sputum
Term
Does a chest X-ray alone diagnose TB?
Definition
No
Term
How do you do a sputum examination?
Definition
take three sputum specimens and culture, aspirate if necessary, look for acid fast bacilli
Term
Can TB spread to the liver, BM, adrenals, spleen, meninges, kidneys, fallopian tubes, epididymus?
Definition
Yes
Term
What is Pott's disease?
Definition
isolated organ involvement of the vertebrae
Term
What is scrofula?
Definition
extra-pulmonary disease in the cervical lymph nodes
Term
Fish tank granuloma is caused by?
Definition

Mycobacterium marinum

 

causes localized skin lesions

Term
What mycobacteria is the most common atypical one that causes systemic disease?
Definition

Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

 

VERY PROGRESSIVE IN IMMUNE COMPROMISED

Term
Chronic granulomatous pulmonary disease is caused by?
Definition
M. kansasii
Term
What mycobacterium causes infections due to trauma/iatrogenic infections and causes pyogenic inflammation?
Definition
M. fortuitum
Term
What mycobacterium's hallmark is numerous acid-fast bacilli in macrophages and not well formed granulommas?
Definition

M. avium

M. intracellulare

Term
Which mycobacterium can be seen b/c of a yellow pigment when exposed to light?
Definition
M. kansasii
Term

T/F

 

leprosy affects skin and peripheral nerves

Definition
true
Term
What are the two patterns of leprosy?
Definition

tuberculoid

 

lepromatous

Term
What are the characteristics of tuberculoid leprosy?
Definition

less severe skin lesions

asymmetric nerve lesions (peripheral)

granulomas with low bacilli

strong TH1 responce

Term
What are some clinical presentations of leprosy?
Definition

can't feel 

no eyebrows

thick of lumpy earlobes

thick nerves

ulcers on feet

deformed hands or feet

Term

What are the characteristics of lepromatous leprosy?

Definition

severe skin lesions

see more organisms

weak Th1

Schwann cells

macrophages around nerve cells

LEONINE FACES

Term
Histoplasma capsulatum occurs in which two forms? 
Definition

spores-environment

(hyphae)

g

yeast- body

(spherules)

Term
Does histoplasmosis look like TB?
Definition
yes
Term

How is histoplasmosis diagnosed?

 

Definition

chest x-ray (need more)

skin test-histoplasmin antigen

culture fungal strains

serologic titer

Term
what causes San Joaquin Valley Fever?
Definition
Coccidiomycosis
Term
Erythema nodosum is associated with what inhaled disease?
Definition
Coccidiodomycosis
Term
What are some histological signs of Coccidiodomycosis?
Definition

sperules in multinucleated giant cells

sperules with endospores inside

purulent lesions with ppl with lower CMI

Term
Pulmonary blastomycosis characteristics are?
Definition

pus granuloma with yeast cells

broad budding (8)

lobar consolidation

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