General citeria of a personality disorder

enduring pattern of

inner experience & behavior

that deviates from the expectations of the culture

manifested by 2 of the following:

cognition

affectivity

interpersonal thinking

impulse control

Paranoid Personality Disorder 

A. A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness

of others such that their

motives are interpreted as malevolent,

beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by

4 (or more) of the following: 

(1) suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him or her 

(2) is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates 

(3) is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be used maliciously against him or her 

(4) reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events 

(5) persistently bears grudges, i.e., is unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights 

(6) perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack 

(7) has recurrent suspicions, without justification, regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual partner

Note: If criteria are met prior to the onset of Schizophrenia, add

"Premorbid

e.g., "Paranoid Personality Disorder (Premorbid)."

Schizoid Personality Disorder 

A pervasive pattern of

detachment from social relationships

and a

restricted range of expression of emotions

in interpersonal settings,

beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts,

as indicated by

4 (or more) of the following:

(1) neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family 

(2) almost always chooses solitary activities 

(3) has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person 

(4) takes pleasure in few, if any, activities 

(5) lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives 

(6) appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others 

(7) shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity

Note: If criteria are met prior to the onset of Schizophrenia,

add "Premorbid,"

e.g., "Schizoid Personality Disorder (Premorbid)."

Schizotypal Personality Disorder 

A pervasive pattern of

social and interpersonal deficits

marked by acute discomfort with,

and reduced capacity for, close relationships

as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions

and eccentricities of behavior,

beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by

5 (or more) of the following:

(1) ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference) 

(2) odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms

(e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or "sixth sense"; in children and adolescents, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations) 

(3) unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions 

(4) odd thinking and speech

(e.g., vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, or stereotyped) 

(5) suspiciousness or paranoid ideation 

(6) inappropriate or constricted affect 

(7) behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar 

(8) lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives 

(9) excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about self